BILD 1

UCSD

Course Overview

Lessons & Practice

I. Welcome

2 min

1. Chemical Bonds, Water, Life, and Carbon

1.6hr

1.1.1. Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter3 min

1.1.2. Example: Physical and Chemical Changes2 min

1.1.3. Practice Level 11 min

1.1.4. Practice Level 21 min

1.1.5. Practice Level 32 min

1.2.1. Types of Chemical Bonds 5 min

1.2.2. Practice 1

1.2.3. Practice 2

1.3.1. Intermolecular Forces: Hydrogen Bonding5 min

1.3.2. Example 2 min

1.3.3. Practice 12 min

1.3.4. Practice 22 min

1.3.5. Practice 33 min

1.4.1. Intermolecular Forces: Van der Waals Interactions 11 min

1.4.2. Practice 13 min

1.4.3. Practice 2

1.5.1. Acids, Bases, and the pH Scale6 min

1.5.2. Example: Acidic and Basic solutions2 min

1.6.1. Important Elements that Make Up Life4 min

1.6.2. Unique Properties of Water6 min

1.6.3. Practice 12 min

1.6.4. Practice 22 min

1.7.1. Introduction to Functional Groups 12 min

1.7.2. Introduction to Hydrocarbons7 min

1.7.3. Properties of Hydrocarbons10 min

1.7.4. Example: Boiling Point 2 min

2. Structure and Elements of Prokaryotic Cells, Eukaryotic Cells, and Viruses' and Their Impact on Function

58min

2.1.1. Prokaryotes6 min

2.1.2. Practice

2.1.3. Practice

2.1.4. Practice

2.2.1. Diversity of Archaea2 min

2.2.2. Practice

2.3.1. Diversity of Bacteria4 min

2.3.2. Practice

2.3.3. Practice

2.4.1. Eukaryotic Cells [Full lesson for easy courses]11 min

2.4.2. Illustrations of Cellular Components7 min

2.4.3. Practice 1

2.4.4. Practice 2

2.5.1. Eukaryotic Cells [Introduction for detailed courses]2 min

2.5.2. Ribosomes and Peroxisomes3 min

2.5.3. Peroxisomes3 min

2.5.4. Mitochondria and Chloroplasts6 min

2.5.5. Plant versus Animal Cells3 min

2.5.6. Practice 1

2.5.7. Practice 2

2.5.8. MOVE Practice 5

2.5.9. Practice 4

2.6.1. Endosymbiont Theory5 min

2.7.1. Viral Morphology and Diversity3 min

2.7.2. Practice

2.7.3. Practice

2.8.1. Viral Infections3 min

2.8.2. Practice

2.8.3. Practice

3. Chemical Structure and Function of DNA, RNA, Proteins, Amino Acids, Lipids, and Carbohydrates

1.5hr

3.1.1. From Monomers to Polymers4 min

3.1.2. Practice 1

3.1.3. Practice 2

3.1.4. Practice 3

3.2.1. Review of DNA Structure10 min

3.2.2. Practice 12 min

3.2.3. Practice 2

3.3.1. Carbohydrates (Sugars)5 min

3.3.2. Polysaccharides6 min

3.3.3. Practice 1

3.3.4. Practice 2

3.3.5. Practice 3

3.4.1. Lipids: Fats10 min

3.4.2. Lipids: Phospholipids5 min

3.4.3. Lipids: Steroids3 min

3.4.4. Example3 min

3.4.5. Practice 13 min

3.5.2. Protein Folding4 min

3.5.3. Functions of Proteins7 min

3.5.4. Example1 min

3.5.5. Practice 13 min

3.5.6. Practice 2

3.5.7. Practice 3

3.5.8. Practice 4

3.6.1. Nucleic Acids5 min

3.6.2. The DNA Double Helix5 min

3.6.3. Example2 min

3.6.4. Practice 11 min

3.6.5. Practice 22 min

3.6.6. Practice 33 min

3.6.7. Practice 445 sec

4. How Molecules Exit or Enter the Cell Through Various Pathways in the Cell Membrane

5. Enzymes & Metabolism

1.7hr

5.1.1. The Laws of Thermodynamics8 min

5.1.2. Example 2 min

5.1.3. Practice2 min

5.2.1. Potential and Kinetic Energies3 min

5.2.2. Practice 11 min

5.2.3. Energy in Reactions7 min

5.2.4. Example 15 min

5.2.5. Activation Energy3 min

5.2.6. Gibbs Free Energy8 min

5.2.7. Practice 22 min

5.3.1. ATP and the Proton Motive Force (PMF)6 min

5.3.2. Example1 min

5.3.3. Practice 2 min

5.4.1. Enzymes6 min

5.4.2. Enzyme Activity4 min

5.4.3. Example1 min

5.4.4. Practice 1 min

5.5.1. Enzyme Regulation10 min

5.5.2. Feedback Inhibition3 min

5.5.3. Example 13 min

5.5.4. Example 26 min

5.5.5. Practice 12 min

5.6.1. Overview of Metabolism4 min

5.6.2. Nutrients Required by Cells4 min

5.6.3. Practice 11 min

5.6.4. Practice 22 min

5.6.5. Practice 32 min

6. How Energy Is Produced and Used By Cells: Cellular Respiration

1.5hr

6.1.1. Overview of Cellular Respiration4 min

6.2.1. Glycolysis4 min

6.2.2. Practice 1

6.2.3. Practice 22 min

6.2.4. Practice 3

6.3.1. Steps of Glycolysis: Intro and Stage I [Detailed]7 min

6.3.2. Steps of Glycolysis: Stages II and III [Detailed]9 min

6.4.1. Energy of Glucose Metabolism7 min

6.4.2. Practice 1

6.5.1. Glycolysis Regulation8 min

6.5.2. Practice 1

6.5.3. Practice 2

6.6.1. Glycolysis Full Sequence of Reactions and Summary [detailed]8 min

6.7.1. Pyruvate Processing4 min

6.7.2. Practice 1

6.8.1. The Citric Acid Cycle3 min

6.8.2. Practice 12 min

6.8.3. Practice 2

6.8.4. Practice 3

6.9.1. The Citric Acid Cycle - Substrates and Enzymes [detailed]10 min

6.9.2. Practice 1

6.9.3. Practice 2

6.9.4. Practice 3

6.10.1. Utilization of TCA Intermediates2 min

6.11.1. The Electron Transport Chain8 min

6.12.1. Electron Transport Chain Overview3 min

6.12.2. Example

6.12.3. Practice 12 min

6.12.4. Practice 23 min

6.13.1. Fermentation3 min

6.13.2. Practice 1

6.13.3. Practice 2

6.13.4. Practice 3

7. How Energy Is Produced and Used By Cells: Photosynthesis

1.1hr

7.1.1. Plant Structures for Photosynthesis4 min

7.1.2. Practice 1

7.1.3. Practice 2

7.2.1. Photosynthesis [short]9 min

7.2.2. Practice 12 min

7.2.3. Practice 2

7.3.1. Light-Dependent Reactions of Photosynthesis [detailed]10 min

7.3.2. Non-Cyclic and Cyclic Versions of Light-Dependent Reactions3 min

7.3.3. Practice 11 min

7.3.4. Practice 22 min

7.4.1. Calvin Cycle [Carbon Fixation]8 min

7.4.2. Example3 min

7.4.3. Practice 12 min

7.4.4. Practice 23 min

7.5.1. Photorespiration5 min

7.5.2. Practice 13 min

7.6.1. C4 Plants2 min

7.6.2. Practice 1

7.7.1. CAM Plants4 min

7.7.2. Practice 12 min

9. How Cells Receive and Act on External Chemical Signals, Stages of Cell Signalling and Signal Amplification

1.3hr

9.1.1. Types of Cell Communication 10 min

9.1.2. Practice 13 min

9.1.3. Practice 22 min

9.1.4. Practice 32 min

9.2.1. Internal Receptors4 min

9.2.2. G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs)7 min

9.2.3. Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs)5 min

9.2.4. Ion Channel Receptors2 min

9.2.5. Practice 12 min

9.2.6. Practice 22 min

9.2.7. Practice 33 min

9.3.1. Signal Transduction6 min

9.3.2. Practice 12 min

9.3.3. Practice 21 min

9.4.1. Second Messengers5 min

9.4.2. Practice 12 min

9.5.1. Second Messengers9 min

9.5.2. Practice 12 min

9.5.3. Practice 22 min

9.6.1. Response to Signaling5 min

9.6.2. Practice 12 min

9.6.3. Practice 22 min

10. The Central Dogma: How Genes Give Rise to the Traits We Observe in Organisms

1.8hr

10.1.1. The Central Dogma of Biology4 min

10.1.2. Practice 1

10.1.3. Practice 22 min

10.1.4. Practice 32 min

10.2.1. Genes and mRNA8 min

10.2.2. General Structure of mRNA4 min

10.2.3. The Genetic Code8 min

10.2.4. Reading Frame3 min

10.2.5. Practice 13 min

10.2.6. Practice 22 min

10.2.7. Practice 32 min

10.2.8. Practice 43 min

10.2.9. Summary of Genes and mRNA

10.3.1. Initiation8 min

10.3.2. Elongation7 min

10.3.3. Termination4 min

10.3.4. Practice 14 min

10.3.5. Practice 22 min

10.3.6. Practice 3

10.4.1. Transcription In Eukaryotes9 min

10.4.2. Practice 1

10.5.1. RNA Maturation in Eukaryotes8 min

10.5.2. Example 3 min

10.5.3. Practice 11 min

10.5.4. Practice 23 min

10.5.5. mRNA Maturation - Theory3 min

10.6.1. Translation into Proteins9 min

10.6.2. Differences in Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Translation3 min

10.6.3. Example 15 min

10.6.4. Example 2

10.6.5. Transcription vs. Translation Chart

10.6.6. Practice 1

10.6.7. Practice 2

11. How Gene Expression can be Modulated

1.2hr

11.1.1. Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression4 min

11.1.2. Prokaryotic Levels of Regulation6 min

11.1.3. Prokaryotic Regulatory Proteins5 min

11.1.4. Types of Transcriptional Regulation5 min

11.1.5. Practice 1

11.1.6. Practice 2

11.1.7. Practice 3

11.2.1. The Tryptophan (Trp) Operon5 min

11.2.2. Trp Operon Attenuation8 min

11.2.3. The Trp Operon Summary

11.3.1. The Lac Operon5 min

11.3.2. Practice 1

11.3.3. Practice 2

11.3.4. Practice 3

11.4.1. The Lac Operon [detailed]5 min

11.4.2. The Lac Operon & Glucose Regulation [detailed]5 min

11.4.3. Lac Operon Summary

11.4.4. Example 1

11.4.5. Example 2

11.4.6. Practice 1

11.5.1. The Maltose (mal) Operon 4 min

11.6.1. Transcription Factors, Enhancers and Repressors3 min

11.6.2. Practice 1

11.6.3. Practice 2

11.7.1. Epigenetic Gene Regulation5 min

11.7.2. X-Chromosome Inactivation4 min

11.7.3. Practice 1

11.7.4. Practice 2

11.8.1. Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation6 min

11.8.2. Practice 1

11.8.3. Practice 2

11.9.1. Translational and Post-translational Regulation2 min

11.9.2. Practice

12. Mechanisms That Lead to Genetic Diversity: Mutation and Meoisis

2hr

12.1.1. Types of DNA Mutations9 min

12.1.2. Practice 1

12.1.3. Practice 2

12.1.4. Sources of Mutation: Tautomeric Shifts7 min

12.1.5. Example: Tautomeric Shifts4 min

12.1.6. Sources of Mutation: DNA Slippage5 min

12.1.7. Sources of Mutation: Copy Number Variations3 min

12.1.8. Sources of Mutation: Mobile Elements7 min

12.2.1. Repair of Mutations During Replication [Exonuclease Activity and Mismatch Repair]10 min

12.2.2. Repair of Mutations by Mutagens [Nucleotide Excision Repair]3 min

12.2.3. Practice 12 min

12.3.1. Repair of DNA Double Stranded Breaks [detailed]9 min

12.3.2. Practice 12 min

12.4.1. Meiosis I10 min

12.4.2. Chromosomal Crossover3 min

12.4.3. Meiosis Nomenclature3 min

12.4.4. Practice 1

12.4.5. Practice 2

12.4.6. Practice 3

12.5.1. Meiosis II5 min

12.5.2. Example: Graphing Ploidy & C-value Coefficients4 min

12.6.1. Causes of Cancer14 min

12.6.2. How does cancer grow?7 min

12.6.3. Cancer Treatments9 min

12.6.4. Example: Cancer Causes3 min

12.6.5. Example: Cancer Treatment3 min

13. Patterns and Mechanisms of Inheritance

2.3hr

13.1.1. Alleles3 min

13.1.2. Genotype and Phenotype5 min

13.2.1. Incomplete Dominance and Co-Dominance3 min

13.2.2. Example4 min

13.2.3. Practice 1

13.3.1. Mendel's Law of Segregation10 min

13.3.2. Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment6 min

13.3.3. Punnett Square Rules4 min

13.3.4. Example 15 min

13.3.5. Example 29 min

13.3.10. Cheatsheet: Inheritance Terminology

13.4.1. History of Mendelian Genetics4 min

13.4.2. Basics of Probability for Genetics5 min

13.4.3. Example 12 min

13.4.4. Example 22 min

13.4.5. Practice 1

13.5.1. Forked Line Method5 min

13.5.2. Probability Method4 min

13.5.3. Practice 1

13.5.4. Practice 2

13.6.1. Pedigree Analysis9 min

13.7.1. Inheritance of X-linked Traits

13.7.2. Example 13 min

13.7.3. Example 2

13.7.4. Example 3

13.8.1. Inheritance of Autosomal Traits9 min

13.10.1. Blood Types2 min

13.10.2. Practice 1

13.10.3. Pleiotropy, Epistasis and Polygenic Inheritance5 min

13.10.4. Practice 2

13.10.5. Example: Epistasis5 min

13.12.1. Genetic Linkage4 min

13.12.2. Recombination Frequencies and Linkage Maps6 min

13.13.1. Karyotyping3 min

13.13.2. Practice

13.14.1. Chromosomal Nondisjunction, Aneuploidy and Polyploidy6 min

13.14.2. Example2 min

13.14.3. Practice 1

13.14.4. Practice 27 min

13.15.1. Duplications, Deletions and Inversions4 min

13.15.2. Practice 1

14. How the Environment Interacts with Genotypes to Produce Phenotypes

1.1hr

15. Intracellular Organelles and Membrane Structure and Function

2hr

15.1.1. The Endomembrane System2 min

15.1.2. The Nucleus5 min

15.1.3. The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)4 min

15.1.4. The Golgi Apparatus3 min

15.1.5. Lysosomes, Vacuoles and Vesicles

15.1.6. Example 1

15.1.7. Practice 1

15.1.8. MOVE Practice 1

15.1.9. MVOE Practice 2

15.2.1. Cytoskeleton Overview [short lesson]5 min

15.2.2. Microtubules6 min

15.2.3. Actin Microfilaments4 min

15.2.4. Intermediate Filaments3 min

15.2.5. Practice 1

15.2.6. Practice 2

15.2.7. Illustrations of the Cytoskeleton4 min

15.3.1. Motor Proteins5 min

15.3.2. Flagella and Cilia3 min

15.3.3. Practice 1

15.3.4. Practice 2

15.4.1. Extracellular Matrix2 min

15.4.2. Junctions and Adhesions5 min

15.4.3. Practice 1

15.4.4. Practice 2

15.4.5. Practice 3

15.5.1. The Fluid Mosaic Model5 min

15.5.2. Factors Affecting Membrane Fluidity5 min

15.5.3. Practice 1

15.5.4. Practice 21 min

15.5.5. Practice 31 min

15.6.1. Thermodynamics of membrane formation9 min

15.6.2. Practice 16 min

15.7.1. Membrane Permeability3 min

15.7.2. Introduction and Passive Transport7 min

15.7.3. Practice 12 min

15.7.4. Practice 2

15.8.1. Active Transport7 min

15.8.2. Example 3 min

15.8.3. Practice 13 min

15.9.1. Osmosis and Osmolarity6 min

15.9.2. Practice 14 min

15.9.3. Practice 21 min

15.10.1. Endocytosis and Exocytosis

15.10.2. Practice 1

15.10.3. Practice 21 min

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Answered

Aseel Y

Hi there, I just want to ask why Homeostasis section is not available!

Danielle S

Instructor

Thank you for bringing this to our attention and your patience in allowing us to solve the issue!

The chapter now has the content ready for you to explore and review.

Answered

Anonymous

Is glycolysis not covered in this course?

Lila H

Instructor

It is currently included in Section 5 "Energy and Metabolism"

Answered

Anonymous

What is the difference between gene flow and genetic drift 

Isaura F

Instructor

Gene flow is the transfer of genetic information from one population to another. Genetic drift is the variation of the relative frequency of a particular allele (version of a gene) within a population. Hope this helps!

Answered

Shannon W

What's neurons?

Marlon B

A nerve cell

Answered

Alexis E

whats a hydrogen bond?

Marlon B

A bond between an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and electronegative atom in the other 

Answered

Anonymous

Are there any parts of the human body that get oxygen directly from the air and not from the blood?

Isaura F

Instructor

Seems like the outer layers of skin and outer cornea (of your eyes) are able to get oxygen directly from air. 

Answered

Laura P

How does climate change affect wildlife in ontario? 

Isaura F

Instructor

"In Ontario, [one] can expect average temperatures to rise by as much as 3 to 8 degrees Celsius over the next century. Warmer temperatures will result in milder winters, longer growing seasons and a higher frequency of severe weather events such as record-breaking storms, floods, droughts and heat waves." For more info, check out: http://www.health.gov.on.ca/en/common/ministry/publications/reports/climate_change_toolkit/climate_change_health_modelling_study.pdf

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BILD 1

Course Overview

1. Chemical Bonds, Water, Life, and Carbon

2. Structure and Elements of Prokaryotic Cells, Eukaryotic Cells, and Viruses' and Their Impact on Function

3. Chemical Structure and Function of DNA, RNA, Proteins, Amino Acids, Lipids, and Carbohydrates

4. How Molecules Exit or Enter the Cell Through Various Pathways in the Cell Membrane

5. Enzymes & Metabolism

6. How Energy Is Produced and Used By Cells: Cellular Respiration

7. How Energy Is Produced and Used By Cells: Photosynthesis

8. The Cell Cycle

9. How Cells Receive and Act on External Chemical Signals, Stages of Cell Signalling and Signal Amplification

10. The Central Dogma: How Genes Give Rise to the Traits We Observe in Organisms

11. How Gene Expression can be Modulated

12. Mechanisms That Lead to Genetic Diversity: Mutation and Meoisis

13. Patterns and Mechanisms of Inheritance

14. How the Environment Interacts with Genotypes to Produce Phenotypes

15. Intracellular Organelles and Membrane Structure and Function

I Welcome

Free Activity

Ask a Question

Aseel Y

Danielle S

Anonymous

Lila H

Anonymous

Isaura F

Shannon W

Marlon B

Alexis E

Marlon B

Anonymous

Isaura F

Laura P

Isaura F

Welcome to First Year Bio!