CHEM 2020

York U

Course Overview

Lessons & Practice

I. Welcome

1. Carbon and Its Compounds (Lewis Structures, Bonding and Orbitals)

1.4hr

1.1.1. Bonding Models

1.1.2. Practice: Valence Bond Theory/Hybridization3 min

1.2.1. Lewis Structures and Formal Charges9 min

1.2.2. How to Draw Lewis Structures5 min

1.2.3. Example: Lewis Structures5 min

1.2.4. Example: Lewis Structures5 min

1.2.5. Practice: Lewis Structures2 min

1.2.6. Practice: Lewis Structures5 min

1.3.1. Polar Bonds6 min

1.3.2. Example: Polar Bonds3 min

1.3.3. Example: Polar Bonds 2 min

1.3.4. Practice: Polar Bonds 50 sec

1.4.1. VSEPR Theory5 min

1.4.2. Example: VSEPR2 min

1.4.3. Example: VSEPR3 min

1.4.4. Practice: VSEPR4 min

1.5.1. Valence Bond Theory and Hybridization7 min

1.5.2. Example: Valence Bond Theory/Hybridization5 min

1.6.1. Molecular Orbital Theory4 min

1.7.1. Bonding in Delocalized Systems3 min

1.7.2. Example: Resonance Structures6 min

1.8.1. Summary Sheet: The Basics

1.Q. Checkpoint Quiz9 Qns

2. Anatomy of an Organic Molecule (Functional Groups, Drawing and Naming)

54min

2.1.1. Drawing Organic Compouds in 2D2 min

2.1.2. Example: 2-D Notation2 min

2.1.3. Example: 2-D Notation1 min

2.1.4. Summary Sheet: Representing Molecules in Different 2D Notation

2.1.5. Summary Sheet: Condensed Formula

2.2.1. Drawing Organic Compounds in 3D5 min

2.2.2. Example: 3-D Notation2 min

2.2.3. Example: 3-D Notation2 min

2.2.4. Summary Sheet: Drawing in 3-Dimensions

2.3.1. Summary Sheet: Common Organic Functional Groups

2.3.2. Example: Functional Groups 2 min

2.4.1. Intermolecular Forces4 min

2.4.2. Melting and Boiling Point Comparison4 min

2.4.3. Example: Intermolecular Forces3 min

2.4.4. Example: Intermolecular Forces2 min

2.4.5. Practice: Intermolecular Forces1 min

2.5.1. IUPAC Systematic Naming Theory15 min

2.5.2. Example: Converting Names to Structures2 min

2.5.3. Example: IUPAC Systematic Naming2 min

2.5.4. Example: IUPAC Systematic Naming2 min

2.5.5. Practice: IUPAC Systematic Naming2 min

2.5.6. Practice: IUPAC Systematic Naming2 min

2.5.7. Summary Sheet: IUPAC Naming

2.Q. Checkpoint Quiz15 Qns

3. Molecules in Motion: Conformations by Rotations

19min

3.1.1. Conformational Isomers6 min

3.1.2. Example: Conformational Isomers3 min

3.2.1. Ring Strain

3.3.1. Chair Conformations4 min

3.3.2. Example: Chair Conformations60 sec

3.3.3. Example: Chair Conformations1 min

3.3.4. Practice: Chair Conformations2 min

3.3.5. Cheatsheet: Chair Conformations

3.Q. Chapter 3 Checkpoint Quiz12 Qns

3.P.1. Practice Question

3.P.2. New Practice Question

3.P.3. Practice Question

3.P.4. Stereoisomer practice problems

3.P.5. Practice Question

3.P.6. Practice Question

3.P.7. Practice Question

4. Stereochemistry

1.7hr

4.1.1. Constitutional Isomers5 min

4.1.2. Example: Constitutional Isomers4 min

4.1.3. Example: Constitutional Isomers3 min

4.2.1. Summary Sheet: Isomers Flowchart

4.3.1. Stereochemistry3 min

4.3.2. Example: Stereochemistry5 min

4.3.3. Practice: Stereochemistry (1)

4.3.4. Practice: Stereochemistry (2)

4.3.5. Practice: Stereochemistry (3)

4.4.1. Summary Sheet: IUPAC Naming

4.4.2. Summary Sheet: Naming Molecules with Stereochemistry

4.4.3. Example: Naming Molecules with Stereochemistry4 min

4.4.4. Example: Naming Molecules with Stereochemistry2 min

4.4.5. Practice: Naming Molecules with Stereochemistry2 min

4.5.1. Chiral Molecules5 min

4.5.2. Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Rules4 min

4.5.3. Assigning R and S Nomenclature4 min

4.5.4. Example: Stereochemistry7 min

4.5.5. Example: Stereochemistry 24 min

4.5.6. Practice: Stereochemistry 2 min

4.5.7. Practice: Stereochemistry1 min

4.6.1. Geometric or Cis/Trans Isomers6 min

4.6.2. Example: Geometric Isomers4 min

4.6.3. Practice: Geometric Isomers 2 min

4.7.1. Optical Isomers13 min

4.7.2. Example: Optical Isomers3 min

4.7.3. Example: Optical Isomers 23 min

4.7.4. Practice: Optical Isomers 1 min

4.8.1. Molecular Representations8 min

4.8.2. Example: Molecular Representations3 min

4.8.3. Practice: Drawing Organic Molecules2 min

4.9.1. Summary Sheet: Stereochemistry

4.9.2. Summary Sheet: Determining Maximum Number of Stereoisomers

4.9.3. Summary Sheet: Nomenclature and Conformations of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

4.Q. Checkpoint Quiz10 Qns

5. Organic Reaction Mechanisms

48min

5.1.1. Resonance and Arrow Pushing19 min

5.1.2. Example: Understanding Arrow Pushing3 min

5.1.3. Evaluating Resonance Structures7 min

5.1.4. Example: Drawing Resonance Structures9 min

5.2.1. Practice 1: Identifying Resonance Structures

5.2.2. Practice 2: Identifying Resonance Structures

5.2.3. Practice 3: Identifying Resonance Structures

5.2.4. Practice 4: Identifying Resonance Structures

5.2.5. Practice 5: Drawing and Evaluating Resonance Structures8 min

5.2.6. Practice 6: Drawing Resonance Structures

5.2.7. Practice 7: Drawing Resonance Structures

5.2.8. Additional Concept + Practice: Effect of Resonance on Atom Hybridization2 min

6. Acid/Base Chemistry & Intro to Organic Reactions

56min

6.1.1. Acid/Base Equilibrium Fundamentals - Use of Acids and Bases in Organic Chemistry4 min

6.1.2. Key Definitions in Acids/Bases5 min

6.1.3. Acid/Base Equilibrium Constants2 min

6.1.4. Example: Acid/Base Arrows 3 min

6.2.1. Factors Influencing Acid/Base Strength2 min

6.2.2. Electronegativity1 min

6.2.3. Atom Size2 min

6.2.4. Resonance3 min

6.2.5. Hybridization3 min

6.2.6. Induction3 min

6.2.7. Aromaticity3 min

6.2.8. Example: Acid/Base Strength 3 min

6.2.9. Example: Acid/Base Strength 3 min

6.2.10. Practice: Acid/Base Equilibria 2 min

6.2.11. Practice: Acid/Base Equilibria 2 min

6.3.1. Important pKas You Should Know4 min

6.3.2. Relationship Between pH and pKa2 min

6.3.3. Amino Acids at Different pHs3 min

6.3.4. Practice: Amino Acids in Solution3 min

6.3.5. Practice: Amino Acids in Solution3 min

6.3.6. Summary Sheet: Amino Acids in Solution of Various pH

6.3.7. Summary Sheet: pKa's of Common Molecules

6.4.1. Summary Sheet: Chemical Equilibria and Acid/Base Chemistry

6.Q. Checkpoint Quiz15 Qns

7. Pi Bonds as Electrophiles

1.9hr

7.1.1. Nomenclature and Physical Properties3 min

7.2.1. General Reactivity1 min

7.2.2. General Mechanism at the Carbonyl4 min

7.3.1. The Grignard Reaction5 min

7.3.2. Cyanohydrin Formation3 min

7.3.3. Example: The Grignard Reaction2 min

7.3.4. Practice: The Grignard Reaction5 min

7.4.1. General Reactions with Oxygen Nucleophiles5 min

7.4.2. Hydrate Formation1 min

7.4.3. Acetal Formation2 min

7.4.4. Ketal Formation2 min

7.4.5. Hydrolysis of Acetals and Ketals3 min

7.4.6. General Mechanism with Oxygen Nucleophiles9 min

7.4.7. Stability of Hemiketals and Hemiacetals3 min

7.4.8. Practice: Ketals and Acetals as Protecting Groups2 min

7.4.9. Practice: Ketals and Acetals as Protecting Groups2 min

7.4.10. Example: Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Ketals and Acetals1 min

7.4.11. Practice: Mechanism in Acetal and Ketal Formation3 min

7.4.12. Practice: Identifying Acetals/Aldehydes2 min

7.5.1. Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Imines7 min

7.5.2. Enamine Formation2 min

7.5.3. Mechanism of Imiine Formation4 min

7.5.4. Reductive Amination2 min

7.5.5. Practice: Imine Formation2 min

7.6.1. Tautomerization8 min

7.6.2. Enolate Formation3 min

7.6.3. Kinetic vs. Thermodynamic Enolates5 min

7.6.4. The Aldol Reaction3 min

7.6.5. Mechanism of the Aldol Reaction5 min

7.6.6. The Retro-Aldol Reaction1 min

7.6.7. Mixed Aldol Reactions5 min

7.6.8. Example: The Aldol Reaction4 min

7.6.9. Practice: The Aldol Reaction2 min

7.7.1. Study Sheet: Reaction Overview and Key Ideas

7.Q. Checkpoint Quiz9 Qns

8. Pi Bonds as Nucleophiles

2.2hr

8.1.1. Hydrohalogenation9 min

8.1.2. Example: Hydrohalogenation4 min

8.1.3. Example: Hydrohalogenation4 min

8.2.1. Acid-catalyzed Hydration9 min

8.2.2. Example: Acid-catalyzed Hydration4 min

8.2.3. Example: Acid-catalyzed Hydration 23 min

8.3.1. Oxymercuration-Demercuration Reaction

8.4.1. Carbocation Rearrangements6 min

8.4.2. Example: Carbocation Rearrangements3 min

8.4.3. Example: Carbocation Rearrangements3 min

8.5.1. Halogenation13 min

8.5.2. Example: Halogenation 13 min

8.5.3. Example: Halogenation 22 min

8.5.4. Example: Halogenation3 min

8.6.1. Epoxidation8 min

8.6.2. Example: Epoxidation3 min

8.6.3. Example: Epoxides as Electrophiles8 min

8.7.1. Hydroboration/Oxidation8 min

8.7.2. Example: Hydroboration 13 min

8.7.3. Example: Hydroboration 22 min

8.8.1. Hydrogenation6 min

8.8.2. Example: Hydrogenation 13 min

8.8.3. Example: Hydrogenation 22 min

8.8.4. Example: Hydrogenation 31 min

8.8.5. Example: Hydrogenation with Isotopes of Hydrogen2 min

8.9.1. Reactivity of Dienes (*coming soon)

8.9.2. 1,2- and 1,4-addition of HX to dienes (*coming soon)

8.10.1. Ozonolysis9 min

8.10.2. Example: Ozonolysis 12 min

8.10.3. Example: Ozonolysis4 min

8.11.1. Dihydroxylation5 min

8.11.2. Example: Dihydroxylation3 min

8.12.1. Summary Sheet: Electrophilic Addition to Alkenes/Alkynes

8.Q. Checkpoint Quiz13 Qns

8.P.1. Practice: Reaction Energy Diagrams

9. Conjugation and Aromaticity

9min

9.1.1. Aromaticity Theory9 min

9.1.2. Aromaticity Concept Clarifier

9.1.3. Aromaticity

9.2.1. Naming Cyclic Carbon Compounds - Aromatic Rings

9.3.1. Arenes8 Qns

Mock Exams

ME.1. Midterm 1 - Mock Assessment66 Qns

ME.2. Midterm 2 - Mock Assessment68 Qns

ME.3. Final Exam - Mock Assessment65 Qns

ME.1 Midterm 1 - Mock Assessment

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Midterm 1 - Mock Assessment

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