BIOL 112

McGill

Course Overview

Lessons & Practice

I. Welcome

1. Chemical Bonds

46min

1.1.1. Types of Chemical Bonds 5 min

1.1.2. Practice 1

1.1.3. Practice 2

1.2.1. Intermolecular Forces: Hydrogen Bonding5 min

1.2.2. Example 2 min

1.2.3. Practice 12 min

1.2.4. Practice 22 min

1.2.5. Practice 33 min

1.3.1. Intermolecular Forces: Van der Waals Interactions 11 min

1.3.2. Practice 13 min

1.3.3. Practice 2

1.4.1. Important Elements that Make Up Life4 min

1.4.2. Unique Properties of Water6 min

1.4.3. Practice 12 min

1.4.4. Practice 22 min

2. Acids & Bases

10min

2.1.1. Acids-Base Definitions, pH, pKa7 min

2.1.3. Practice

2.1.4. New Practice Question

2.1.5. Molarity4 min

2.1.6. New Practice Question

3. Polymerization & Proteins

25min

3.1.1. From Monomers to Polymers4 min

3.1.2. Practice 1

3.1.3. Practice 2

3.1.4. Practice 3

3.2.1. Proteins6 min

3.2.2. Protein Folding4 min

3.2.3. Functions of Proteins7 min

3.2.4. Example1 min

3.2.5. Practice 13 min

3.2.6. Practice 2

3.2.7. Practice 3

3.2.8. Practice 4

4. Nucleic Acids

18min

4.1.1. Nucleic Acids5 min

4.1.2. The DNA Double Helix5 min

4.1.3. Example2 min

4.1.4. Practice 11 min

4.1.5. Practice 22 min

4.1.6. Practice 33 min

4.1.7. Practice 445 sec

5. Energy, ATP, Enzymes

1.7hr

5.1.1. Overview of Metabolism4 min

5.1.2. Nutrients Required by Cells4 min

5.1.3. Practice 11 min

5.1.4. Practice 22 min

5.1.5. Practice 32 min

5.2.1. The Laws of Thermodynamics8 min

5.2.2. Example 2 min

5.2.3. Practice2 min

5.3.1. Potential and Kinetic Energies3 min

5.3.2. Practice 11 min

5.3.3. Energy in Reactions7 min

5.3.4. Example 15 min

5.3.5. Activation Energy3 min

5.3.6. Gibbs Free Energy8 min

5.3.7. Practice 22 min

5.4.1. ATP and the Proton Motive Force (PMF)6 min

5.4.2. Example1 min

5.4.3. Practice 2 min

5.5.1. Enzymes6 min

5.5.2. Enzyme Activity4 min

5.5.3. Example1 min

5.5.4. Practice 1 min

5.6.1. Enzyme Regulation10 min

5.6.2. Feedback Inhibition3 min

5.6.3. Example 13 min

5.6.4. Example 26 min

5.6.5. Practice 12 min

6. Sugars & Lipids

35min

6.1.1. Carbohydrates (Sugars)5 min

6.1.2. Polysaccharides6 min

6.1.3. Practice 1

6.1.4. Practice 2

6.1.5. Practice 3

6.2.1. Lipids: Fats10 min

6.2.2. Lipids: Phospholipids5 min

6.2.3. Lipids: Steroids3 min

6.2.4. Example3 min

6.2.5. Practice 13 min

6.2.6. Practice 2

6.2.7. Practice 3

6.2.8. Practice 4

8. Cell Size & Endomembrane System

35min

8.1.1. Prokaryotic Cells5 min

8.1.2. Practice 1

8.1.3. Bacteria and Archaea Cell Wall Composition4 min

8.1.4. Practice 2

8.1.5. Practice 3

8.2.1. Eukaryotic Cells [Introduction for detailed courses]2 min

8.2.2. Ribosomes 3 min

8.2.3. Peroxisomes3 min

8.2.4. Plant versus Animal Cells3 min

8.2.5. Practice 4

8.3.1. The Endomembrane System2 min

8.3.2. The Nucleus5 min

8.3.3. The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)4 min

8.3.4. The Golgi Apparatus3 min

8.3.5. Lysosomes, Vacuoles and Vesicles

8.3.6. Example 1

8.3.7. Practice 1

8.3.8. Practice 2

8.3.9. Practice 3

10. Redox Reactions, Glycolysis

43min

10.1.1. Redox (Reduction-Oxidation) Reactions7 min

10.1.2. Practice 13 min

10.1.3. Practice 23 min

10.2.1. Coupled Reactions6 min

10.2.2. Example 1 min

10.2.3. Practice 1

10.2.4. Practice 22 min

10.3.1. Overview of Cellular Respiration4 min

10.4.1. Steps of Glycolysis: Intro and Stage I [Detailed]7 min

10.4.2. Steps of Glycolysis: Stages II and III [Detailed]9 min

10.4.3. Practice 1

10.4.4. Practice 2

10.4.5. Practice 3

10.4.6. Practice 4

11. Citric Acid Cycle, Electron Transport Chain, Fermentation

50min

11.1.1. Energy of Glucose Metabolism7 min

11.1.2. Practice 1

11.2.1. Glycolysis Regulation8 min

11.2.2. Practice 1

11.2.3. Practice 2

11.3.1. Glycolysis Full Sequence of Reactions and Summary [detailed]8 min

11.4.1. Pyruvate Processing4 min

11.4.2. Practice 1

11.5.1. The Citric Acid Cycle - Substrates and Enzymes [detailed]10 min

11.5.2. Practice 1

11.5.3. Practice 2

11.5.4. Practice 3

11.6.1. Utilization of TCA Intermediates2 min

11.7.1. The Electron Transport Chain8 min

11.7.2. Example

11.7.3. Practice 1

11.7.4. Practice 2

11.7.5. Practice 3

11.7.6. Practice 4

11.8.1. Fermentation3 min

11.8.2. Practice 1

11.8.3. Practice 2

11.8.4. Practice 3

12. Photosynthesis

53min

12.1.1. Plant Structures for Photosynthesis4 min

12.1.2. Practice 1

12.1.3. Practice 2

12.2.1. Light-Dependent Reactions of Photosynthesis [detailed]10 min

12.2.2. Non-Cyclic and Cyclic Versions of Light-Dependent Reactions3 min

12.2.3. Practice 11 min

12.2.4. Practice 22 min

12.3.1. Calvin Cycle [Carbon Fixation]8 min

12.3.2. Example3 min

12.3.3. Practice 12 min

12.3.4. Practice 23 min

12.4.1. Photorespiration5 min

12.4.2. Practice 13 min

12.5.1. C4 Plants2 min

12.5.2. Practice 1

12.6.1. CAM Plants4 min

12.6.2. Practice 12 min

13. The Cell Cycle

28min

13.1.1. Phases of the Cell Cycle5 min

13.1.2. Practice 12 min

13.2.1. Cell cycle Control7 min

13.2.2. Putting the Breaks on the Cell Cycle4 min

13.2.3. Example1 min

13.2.4. Practice 139 sec

13.2.5. Practice 22 min

13.3.1. Prokaryotic Growth Phases3 min

13.3.2. Practice 1

13.3.3. Practice 2

13.4.1. Binary Fission: Prokaryotic Cytokinesis3 min

13.4.2. Practice 1

14. Mitosis & Meiosis

45min

14.1.1. Mitosis and Cytokinesis7 min

14.1.2. Cytokinesis2 min

14.1.3. Ploidy & C-value coefficients5 min

14.1.4. Practice 13 min

14.1.5. Practice 23 min

14.1.6. Practice 3

14.1.7. Practice 4

14.2.1. Meiosis I10 min

14.2.2. Chromosomal Crossover3 min

14.2.3. Meiosis Nomenclature3 min

14.2.4. Practice 1

14.2.5. Practice 2

14.2.6. Practice 3

14.3.1. Meiosis II5 min

14.3.2. Example: Graphing Ploidy & C-value Coefficients4 min

14.3.3. Practice 1

14.3.4. Practice 2

14.3.5. Practice 3

14.3.6. Practice 4

16. Beyond Mendelian Genetics

38min

16.1.1. Incomplete Dominance and Co-Dominance3 min

16.1.2. Example4 min

16.1.3. Practice 1

16.2.1. Inheritance of X-linked traits7 min

16.2.2. Example 13 min

16.2.3. Example 2

16.2.4. Example 3

16.3.1. Pedigree Analysis9 min

16.4.1. Practice 1

16.4.2. Practice 2

16.4.3. Practice 3

16.4.4. Practice 4

16.4.5. Practice 5

16.4.6. Practice 6

16.4.7. Practice 7

16.4.8. Practice 8

16.5.1. Practice 1

16.5.2. Practice 2

16.5.3. Practice 3

16.6.1. Blood Types2 min

16.6.2. Practice 1

16.6.3. Pleiotropy, Epistasis and Polygenic Inheritance5 min

16.6.4. Practice 2

16.6.5. Example: Epistasis5 min

16.6.6. Practice 3

17. DNA Discovery & Replication

2hr

17.1.1. Review of DNA Structure10 min

17.1.2. Practice 12 min

17.1.3. Practice 2

17.2.1. Meselson-Stahl Experiment9 min

17.2.2. Example: Applying the Meselson-Stahl Experiment2 min

17.2.3. Practice 12 min

17.3.1. DNA Replication in Cells14 min

17.3.2. Example: Leading and Lagging Strands2 min

17.3.3. Practice 12 min

17.3.4. Practice 23 min

17.3.5. Example: Complete the Replication Bubble4 min

17.4.1. Telomerase4 min

17.4.2. Practice 11 min

17.4.3. Practice 22 min

17.5.1. Types of DNA Mutations9 min

17.5.2. Practice 1

17.5.3. Practice 2

17.5.4. Sources of Mutation: DNA Slippage5 min

17.5.5. Sources of Mutation: Tautomeric Shifts7 min

17.5.6. Example: Tautomeric Shifts4 min

17.5.7. Sources of Mutation: Copy Number Variations3 min

17.5.8. Sources of Mutation: Mobile Elements7 min

17.6.1. Repair of Mutations During Replication [Exonuclease Activity and Mismatch Repair]10 min

17.6.2. Repair of Mutations by Mutagens [Nucleotide Excision Repair]3 min

17.6.3. Practice 12 min

17.7.1. Repair of DNA Double Stranded Breaks [detailed]9 min

17.7.2. Practice 12 min

18. The Genetic Code

1.8hr

18.1.1. The Central Dogma of Biology4 min

18.1.2. Practice 1

18.1.3. Practice 22 min

18.1.4. Practice 32 min

18.2.1. Genes and mRNA8 min

18.2.2. General Structure of mRNA4 min

18.2.3. The Genetic Code8 min

18.2.4. Reading Frame3 min

18.2.5. Practice 13 min

18.2.6. Practice 22 min

18.2.7. Practice 32 min

18.2.8. Practice 43 min

18.2.9. Summary of Genes and mRNA

18.3.1. Initiation8 min

18.3.2. Elongation7 min

18.3.3. Termination4 min

18.3.4. Practice 14 min

18.3.5. Practice 22 min

18.3.6. Practice 3

18.4.1. Transcription In Eukaryotes9 min

18.4.2. Practice 1

18.5.1. RNA Maturation in Eukaryotes8 min

18.5.2. Example 3 min

18.5.3. Practice 11 min

18.5.4. Practice 23 min

18.5.5. mRNA Maturation - Theory3 min

18.6.1. Translation into Proteins9 min

18.6.2. Differences in Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Translation3 min

18.6.3. Example 15 min

18.6.4. Example 2

18.6.5. Transcription vs. Translation Chart

18.6.6. Practice 1

18.6.7. Practice 2

19. Viruses & Bacteria

18min

19.1.1. Viral Morphology and Diversity3 min

19.1.2. Practice

19.1.3. Practice

19.2.1. Viral Infections3 min

19.2.2. Practice

19.2.3. Practice

19.3.2. Virioids

19.3.3. Practice

19.3.4. Practice

19.4.1. Prokaryotes6 min

19.4.2. Practice

19.4.3. Practice

19.4.4. Practice

19.5.1. Diversity of Archaea2 min

19.5.2. Practice

19.6.1. Diversity of Bacteria4 min

19.6.2. Practice

19.6.3. Practice

20. The Eukaryotic Genome

12min

20.1.1. The Gene and the Genome10 min

20.1.2. Practice 11 min

21. Gene Regulation

1.1hr

21.1.1. Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression4 min

21.1.2. Prokaryotic Levels of Regulation6 min

21.1.3. Prokaryotic Regulatory Proteins5 min

21.1.4. Types of Transcriptional Regulation5 min

21.1.5. Practice 1

21.1.6. Practice 2

21.1.7. Practice 3

21.2.1. The Tryptophan (Trp) Operon5 min

21.2.2. Trp Operon Attenuation8 min

21.2.3. The Trp Operon Summary

21.2.4. Example 1

21.2.5. Example 2

21.2.6. Practice 1

21.2.7. Practice 2

21.3.1. The Lac Operon [detailed]5 min

21.3.2. The Lac Operon & Glucose Regulation [detailed]5 min

21.3.3. Lac Operon Summary

21.3.4. Example 1

21.3.5. Example 2

21.3.6. Practice 1

21.4.1. The Maltose (mal) Operon 4 min

21.4.2. Example 1

21.4.3. Practice 1

21.4.4. Practice 2

21.4.5. Practice 3

21.5.1. Epigenetic Gene Regulation5 min

21.5.2. X-Chromosome Inactivation4 min

21.5.3. Practice 1

21.5.4. Practice 2

21.6.1. Transcription Factors, Enhancers and Repressors3 min

21.6.2. Practice 1

21.6.3. Practice 2

21.7.1. Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation6 min

21.7.2. Practice 1

21.7.3. Practice 2

21.8.1. Translational and Post-translational Regulation2 min

21.8.2. Practice

22. Biotechnology

1.6hr

22.1.1. Gene Mapping4 min

22.2.1. DNA Sequencing9 min

22.3.1. Centrifugation2 min

22.3.2. Chromatography4 min

22.3.3. Practice

22.4.1. Protein Detection Techniques6 min

22.4.2. SDS-PAGE (Electrophoresis)6 min

22.4.3. Mass Spectrometry2 min

22.4.4. Practice 1

22.5.1. (Agarose) Gel Electrophoresis 3 min

22.6.1. Proteomics4 min

22.6.2. Chromatin Immuno-Precipitation (ChIP) 2 min

22.6.3. Practice 1

22.6.4. Practice 2

22.6.5. Practice 3

22.7.1. Southern Blot2 min

22.7.2. Northern Blot2 min

22.7.3. Practice

22.8.1. Genome Editing11 min

22.8.2. CRISPR [detailed]9 min

22.8.3. Practice 1

22.8.4. Practice 2

22.9.1. Gene Cloning5 min

22.9.2. Plasmids2 min

22.9.3. Restriction Enzymes or Endonucleases3 min

22.10.1. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)10 min

22.10.2. Primer Design3 min

22.10.3. Example 15 min

22.10.4. Practice 12 min

22.10.5. Practice 2

Mock Exams

ME.1. Midterm Exam - Mock Assessment37 Qns

ME.2. Final Exam - Mock Assessment75 Qns

BIOL 112 Flashcards

1/225

Electronegativity

A measure of how much an element wants to hold onto electrons; determines the type of bond formed between atoms.

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