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Over- or Under-Applied Overhead

  • Measures if overhead was over or under applied during the period
  • If total variance is unfavorable, overhead is under-applied
  • If total variance is favorable, overhead is over-applied

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Controllable Overhead Variance

  • Overhead variance that can be attributed to management's decisions
  • Excludes volume variance as this is a non-controllable variance


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Total Manufacturing Cost Variance

  • Sum of the total variance for all four cost groups
  • Measures the total difference between actual spending and expected spending


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Example: Additional Variances

The following information is available from ABC Inc:
  • Direct materials price variance: $1,000 F
  • Direct materials quantity variance: $500 U
  • Direct labor rate variance: $900 U
  • Direct labor quantity variance: $1,000 U
  • Variable overhead spending variance: $700 F
  • Variable overhead efficiency variance: $900 F
  • Fixed overhead spending variance: $300 F
  • Fixed overhead volume variance: $1,200 U
Requirements
  1. Was overhead over-applied or under-applied and by how much?
  2. What is the controllable overhead variance?
  3. What is the total manufacturing cost variance?

Practice: Additional Variances

Romeo Inc. reported the following information in its variance report, some information is missing:
  • Total direct material budget variance: $1,500 F
  • Total direct labor budget variance: $1,200 F
  • Variable overhead spending variance: $500 U
  • Variable overhead efficiency variance: $1,000 F
  • Fixed overhead spending variance: ?
  • Fixed overhead volume variance: ?
  • Controllable overhead variance: $800 F
  • Overhead is under-applied by $200

Answer the following questions, do not use any symbols ($, %, !);
Use the first blank for the value and in the second blank enter F for favorable and U for unfavorable.
The fixed overhead spending variance is
The fixed overhead volume variance is
The total manufacturing cost variance is