Wize University Macroeconomics Textbook > Monetary Policy
Monetary Injection in Closed and Open Economy

Monetary Injection and AD
A monetary injection is when the central bank increases the money supply.

- When the money supply increases, the interest rates ________. This makes it ________ to take loans so Consumption (C) and Investment (I) ________
- This causes Aggregate ________ to shift to the ________

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Net Exports
- In a small open economy with a flexible exchange rate, a monetary injection by the central bank that lowers interest rates will make domestic assets (like bonds) ________ attractive. This causes the dollar to ________ under a flexible exchange rate.
- This causes net exports to ________
- A monetary injection in an open economy shifts the aggregate demand curve ________ to the right than it does in a closed economy.
- A fixed exchange rate is when the central bank does not allow the exchange rate to change between two countries.
- If the central bank tries monetary injection (higher money supply and lower interest rates) with a fixed exchange rate, when the domestic interest rate falls below the world interest rate, everyone would try to buy ________ foreign assets (bonds).
- To do this they would have to exchange their dollars to foreign currency at the central bank which would cause the money supply to ________ back to the original level
- For this reason, monetary injection and monetary policy are effective with ________ exchange rates, but not ________ exchange rates.

Monetary Injection with a Flexible/Fixed Exchange Rate
Flexible Exchange Rate

