Wize University Psychology Textbook > Psychological Disorders
Disorders of Childhood & Adolescence
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Disorders of Childhood & Adolescence
Certain disorders may be more likely to emerge during childhood and adolescence
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD):
- Encompasses a spectrum of symptoms and behaviours
- Often characterized by difficulties with social interactions, eye contact, language, and a tendency for repetitive behaviours and highly specific interests
- Children with ASD may have difficulty with Theory of mind, or the ability to understand that others may think, act, or believe differently than you do
- A toddler with emerging ASD may show a lack of interest in others and delayed language development
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD):
- One of the most common childhood disorders; characterized by difficulty focusing (inattention) and/or impulsivity/hyperactivity
- Much more common in boys than girls, although there are concerns about overdiagnosis
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD):
- A disorder that often emerges as children begin elementary school; characterized by difficulty regulating emotions, frequent angry or irritable mood, defiant behaviour, and vindictiveness
- Can increase the risk for other disorders later in life, such as depression, anxiety, substance abuse, or antisocial behaviour
Conduct disorder (CD):
- A disorder that often emerges in adolescence; characterized by aggressive and harmful behaviour, dishonesty, theft, and severe violations of norms and rules
- ODD is often an early sign of later CD development