CHEM 282

Queen's

Course Overview

Lessons & Practice

I. Welcome

1. Conjugate Systems - The Diels Alder Reaction

1.3hr

1.I. The Diels Alder Reaction - Introduction4 min

1.1.1. Lewis Structures and Formal Charges9 min

1.1.2. How to Draw Lewis Structures5 min

1.1.3. Example: Lewis Structures5 min

1.1.4. Example: Lewis Structures5 min

1.1.5. Practice: Lewis Structures2 min

1.1.6. Practice: Lewis Structures5 min

1.2.1. Bonding Models

1.2.2. Practice: Valence Bond Theory/Hybridization3 min

1.3.1. Bonding in Delocalized Systems3 min

1.3.2. Example: Resonance Structures6 min

1.4.1. Valence Bond Theory and Hybridization7 min

1.4.2. Example: Valence Bond Theory/Hybridization5 min

1.5.1. Molecular Orbital Theory4 min

1.6.1. New Lesson14 min

1.6.2. Diels-Alder Example

1.6.3. The Diels Alder Reaction

2. Aromatic Molecules

48min

2.1.1. Aromaticity, Huckel Theory13 min

2.1.2. Summary Sheet: Naming Aromatic Rings

2.1.3. Example: Aromaticity5 min

2.1.4. Example: Aromaticity3 min

2.1.5. Practice: Aromaticity2 min

2.2.1. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions (EAS)8 min

2.2.2. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution - Friedel Crafts Acylation4 min

2.3.1. Directing Groups and Selectivity6 min

2.3.2. Example: Directing Groups in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution2 min

2.3.3. Example: Directing Groups in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution4 min

2.4.1. Summary Sheet: Aromaticity and Related Reactions

2.4.2. Summary Sheet: Naming Aromatic Rings

2.Q. Checkpoint Quiz4 Qns

3. Alcohols and Ethers

1.2hr

3.I. Chapter Intro

3.1.1. Acid-catalyzed Hydration9 min

3.1.2. Example: Acid-catalyzed Hydration4 min

3.1.3. Example: Acid-catalyzed Hydration 23 min

3.2.1. Hydroboration/Oxidation8 min

3.2.2. Example: Hydroboration 13 min

3.2.3. Example: Hydroboration 22 min

3.3.1. Dihydroxylation5 min

3.3.2. Example: Dihydroxylation3 min

3.4.1. Leaving Group Ability4 min

3.4.2. Example: Alcohol as a Leaving Group2 min

3.5.1. Epoxidation8 min

3.5.2. Example: Epoxidation3 min

3.5.3. Example: Epoxides as Electrophiles8 min

3.6.1. Williamson Ether Synthesis8 min

4. Radical Reactions

30min

4.1.1. Radical Stability4 min

4.1.2. Example: Radical Stability3 min

4.1.3. Example: Radical Stability1 min

4.1.4. Practice: Radical Stability1 min

4.2.1. Radical Reactions: Radical Halogenation7 min

4.2.2. Radical Reactions: Hydrohalogenation with a Peroxide7 min

4.2.3. Practice: Radical Reactions2 min

4.2.4. Practice: Radical Reactions2 min

4.2.5. Practice: Radical Reactions3 min

4.3.1. Summary Sheet: Radical Reactions

4.Q. Checkpoint Quiz7 Qns

5. Electrophilic Addition Reactions to Alkenes/Alkynes

1.2hr

5.1.1. Hydrohalogenation9 min

5.1.2. Example: Hydrohalogenation4 min

5.1.3. Example: Hydrohalogenation4 min

5.2.1. Halogenation13 min

5.2.2. Example: Halogenation 13 min

5.2.3. Example: Halogenation 22 min

5.2.4. Example: Halogenation3 min

5.3.1. Hydrogenation6 min

5.3.2. Example: Hydrogenation 13 min

5.3.3. Example: Hydrogenation 22 min

5.3.4. Example: Hydrogenation 31 min

5.3.5. Example: Hydrogenation with Isotopes of Hydrogen2 min

5.4.1. Carbocation Rearrangements6 min

5.4.2. Example: Carbocation Rearrangements3 min

5.4.3. Example: Carbocation Rearrangements3 min

5.5.1. Reactivity of Dienes (*coming soon)

5.5.2. 1,2- and 1,4-addition of HX to dienes (*coming soon)

5.7.1. Terpene Biosynthesis2 min

5.7.2. Example: Terpene Biosynthesis 12 min

5.7.3. Example: Terpene Biosynthesis4 min

5.8.1. Summary Sheet: Electrophilic Addition to Alkenes/Alkynes

5.Q. Checkpoint Quiz9 Qns

5.P.1. Practice: Reaction Energy Diagrams

6. Aldehydes and Ketones

1.5hr

6.1.1. Nomenclature and Physical Properties3 min

6.2.1. Oxidation to make Aldehydes4 min

6.2.2. Oxidation to make Ketones2 min

6.2.3. Oxidation of Aldehydes3 min

6.2.4. Example: Oxidation Reactions5 min

6.3.1. Reduction using NaBH42 min

6.3.2. Reduction using LiAlH44 min

6.3.3. Example: Reduction Reactions3 min

6.3.4. Example: Reductions Reactions5 min

6.4.1. General Reactivity1 min

6.4.2. General Mechanism at the Carbonyl4 min

6.5.1. The Grignard Reaction5 min

6.5.2. Cyanohydrin Formation3 min

6.5.3. Example: The Grignard Reaction2 min

6.5.4. Practice: The Grignard Reaction5 min

6.6.1. General Reactions with Oxygen Nucleophiles5 min

6.6.2. Hydrate Formation1 min

6.6.3. Acetal Formation2 min

6.6.4. Ketal Formation2 min

6.6.5. Hydrolysis of Acetals and Ketals3 min

6.6.6. General Mechanism with Oxygen Nucleophiles9 min

6.6.7. Stability of Hemiketals and Hemiacetals3 min

6.6.8. Practice: Ketals and Acetals as Protecting Groups2 min

6.6.9. Practice: Ketals and Acetals as Protecting Groups2 min

6.6.10. Example: Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Ketals and Acetals1 min

6.6.11. Practice: Mechanism in Acetal and Ketal Formation3 min

6.6.12. Practice: Identifying Acetals/Aldehydes2 min

6.Q. Checkpoint Quiz4 Qns

7. Carboxylic Acids and their Derivatives

53min

7.1.1. Carboxylic Acids2 min

7.1.2. Example: Carboxylic Acids5 min

7.1.3. Example: Carboxylic Acids2 min

7.2.1. Nomenclature and Physical Properties3 min

7.3.1. General Reactivity3 min

7.3.2. General Mechanism at the Carbonyl2 min

7.3.3. Practice: General Reactivity34 sec

7.3.4. Summary Sheet: Carboxylic Acid Reactivity

7.4.1. Acyl Halides3 min

7.4.2. Example: Acyl Halides2 min

7.4.3. Example: Acyl Halides 22 min

7.5.1. Synthesis of Anhydrides

7.5.2. Formation of Esters from Carboxylic Acids (Fisher Esterification)2 min

7.5.3. Other Syntheses of Esters1 min

7.5.4. Transesterification2 min

7.5.5. Example: Esters and Anhydrides9 min

7.5.6. Example: Esters and Anhydrides 28 min

7.6.1. Formation of Amides from Acid Halides1 min

7.6.2. Example: Amides3 min

7.6.3. Example: Amides2 min

7.6.4. Practice: Peptide Bonds50 sec

7.7.1. Hydrolysis of Acid Halides and Anhydrides38 sec

7.7.2. Hydrolysis of Esters and Amides24 sec

7.8.1. Nucleophilic Acyl Substitutions

7.Q. Checkpoint Quiz13 Qns

8. Aldehydes and Ketones, Reactions of alpha C-H

46min

8.I. Chapter Intro

8.1.1. Tautomerization8 min

8.1.2. Enolate Formation3 min

8.1.3. Kinetic vs. Thermodynamic Enolates5 min

8.1.4. The Aldol Reaction3 min

8.1.5. Mechanism of the Aldol Reaction5 min

8.1.6. The Retro-Aldol Reaction1 min

8.1.7. Mixed Aldol Reactions5 min

8.1.8. Example: The Aldol Reaction4 min

8.1.9. Practice: The Aldol Reaction2 min

8.2.1. Study Sheet: Reaction Overview and Key Ideas

8.3.1. Wittig Reaction10 min

9. Dicarbonyls, Synthesis and Reactions

26min

9.1.1. Ozonolysis9 min

9.1.2. Example: Ozonolysis 12 min

9.1.3. Example: Ozonolysis4 min

9.2.1. Claisen Reactions3 min

9.2.2. Example: Claisen Reactions4 min

9.2.3. Example: Claisen Reactions2 min

9.2.4. Example: Dieckmann Condensation3 min

10. Amines

17min

10.I. Chapter Intro

10.1.1. Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Imines7 min

10.1.2. Enamine Formation2 min

10.1.3. Mechanism of Imiine Formation4 min

10.1.4. Reductive Amination2 min

10.1.5. Practice: Imine Formation2 min

11. Carbohydrates

56min

11.1.1. Straight Chain Nomenclature7 min

11.1.2. Cyclization of Monosaccharides5 min

11.1.3. Cyclic Nomenclature6 min

11.1.4. Glycosidic Bonds2 min

11.1.5. Example: Carbohydrate Nomenclature3 min

11.1.6. Example: Carbohydrate Nomenclature (Glycosides)4 min

11.2.1. Converting Fischer Structures4 min

11.2.2. Example: Converting Fischer Structures3 min

11.2.3. Example: Converting Fischer Structures3 min

11.2.4. Practice Question: Converting Fischer Projections2 min

11.3.1. Carbohydrate Reactions: Formation of Glycosidic Bonds4 min

11.3.2. Carbohydrate Reactions: Hydrolysis of Glycosidic Bonds1 min

11.3.3. Carbohydrate Reactions: Reducing Sugars2 min

11.3.4. Practice: Carbohydrates in Solution1 min

11.3.5. Example: Tollen's Reagent and Reducing Sugars1 min

11.3.6. Example: Identifying Reducing Sugars2 min

11.3.7. Example: Ketoses with the Tollen's Test3 min

11.4.1. Carbohydrates

11.Q. Checkpoint Quiz15 Qns

12. Organic Chemistry of Other Biological Molecules (*coming soon)

12.1.1. Structure of Amino Acids (*coming soon)

12.1.2. pKa of Amino Acids (*coming soon)

12.1.3. pH, pKa, and titrations with amino acids (*coming soon)

12.2.1. Lipids (*coming soon)

12.2.2. Sterols (*coming soon)

13. Structure Elucidation (IR Spectroscopy, NMR, Mass Spectrometry)

1.9hr

13.1.1. Hydrogen Deficiency Index4 min

13.2.1. Infrared Spectroscopy12 min

13.2.2. Example: IR Spectroscopy2 min

13.2.3. Example: IR Spectroscopy52 sec

13.2.4. Practice Question: IR Spectroscopy1 min

13.2.5. Practice Question: IR Spectroscopy 21 min

13.3.1. Mass Spectrometry9 min

13.3.2. Example: Mass Spectrometry4 min

13.3.3. Example: Mass Spectrometry2 min

13.3.4. Example: Mass Spectrometry2 min

13.4.1. UV-vis Spectroscopy5 min

13.4.2. UV-vis Study Sheet

13.5.1. NMR Theory6 min

13.5.2. Example: Intro to NMR2 min

13.5.3. Example: Intro to NMR2 min

13.6.1. Hydrogen (1H NMR)20 min

13.6.2. Example: 1H NMR3 min

13.6.3. Example: 1H NMR6 min

13.6.4. Practice: 1H NMR 3 min

13.6.5. Practice Question: 1H NMR2 min

13.6.6. Practice Question: 1H NMR1 min

13.6.7. Practice Question4 min

13.7.1. Carbon (13C) NMR8 min

13.7.2. Example: 13C NMR3 min

13.7.3. Example: 13C NMR4 min

13.7.4. Practice: 13C NMR3 min

13.7.5. Example: 13C NMR3 min

13.8.1. Structure Elucidation

13.Q. Checkpoint Quiz3 Qns

13.P.1. Practice: Structure Elucidation 1

13.P.2. Practice: Structure Elucidation 2

13.P.3. Practice: Structure Elucidation 3

14. Review - Intro to Orgo (Functional Groups, Drawing, Naming)

50min

14.1.1. Summary Sheet: Common Organic Functional Groups

14.1.2. Example: Functional Groups 2 min

14.2.1. Drawing Organic Compouds in 2D2 min

14.2.2. Example: 2-D Notation2 min

14.2.3. Example: 2-D Notation1 min

14.2.4. Summary Sheet: Representing Molecules in Different 2D Notation

14.2.5. Summary Sheet: Condensed Formula

14.3.1. Drawing Organic Compounds in 3D5 min

14.3.2. Example: 3-D Notation2 min

14.3.3. Example: 3-D Notation2 min

14.3.4. Summary Sheet: Drawing in 3-Dimensions

14.4.1. Chair Conformations4 min

14.4.2. Example: Chair Conformations60 sec

14.4.3. Example: Chair Conformations1 min

14.4.4. Practice: Chair Conformations2 min

14.5.1. IUPAC Systematic Naming Theory15 min

14.5.2. Example: Converting Names to Structures2 min

14.5.3. Example: IUPAC Systematic Naming2 min

14.5.4. Example: IUPAC Systematic Naming2 min

14.5.5. Practice: IUPAC Systematic Naming2 min

14.5.6. Practice: IUPAC Systematic Naming2 min

14.5.7. Summary Sheet: IUPAC Naming

14.Q. Checkpoint Quiz15 Qns

15. Review - Stereochemistry & Isomers

1.5hr

15.1.1. Summary Sheet: Isomers Flowchart

15.2.1. Constitutional Isomers5 min

15.2.2. Example: Constitutional Isomers4 min

15.2.3. Example: Constitutional Isomers3 min

15.3.1. Conformational Isomers6 min

15.3.2. Example: Conformational Isomers3 min

15.4.1. Geometric or Cis/Trans Isomers6 min

15.4.2. Example: Geometric Isomers4 min

15.4.3. Practice: Geometric Isomers 2 min

15.5.1. Chiral Molecules5 min

15.5.2. Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Rules4 min

15.5.3. Assigning R and S Nomenclature4 min

15.5.4. Example: Stereochemistry7 min

15.5.5. Example: Stereochemistry 24 min

15.5.6. Practice: Stereochemistry 2 min

15.5.7. Practice: Stereochemistry1 min

15.6.1. Optical Isomers13 min

15.6.2. Example: Optical Isomers3 min

15.6.3. Example: Optical Isomers 23 min

15.6.4. Practice: Optical Isomers 1 min

15.7.1. Summary Sheet: IUPAC Naming

15.7.2. Summary Sheet: Naming Molecules with Stereochemistry

15.7.3. Example: Naming Molecules with Stereochemistry4 min

15.7.4. Example: Naming Molecules with Stereochemistry2 min

15.7.5. Practice: Naming Molecules with Stereochemistry2 min

15.8.1. Summary Sheet: Stereochemistry

15.8.2. Summary Sheet: Determining Maximum Number of Stereoisomers

15.8.3. Summary Sheet: Nomenclature and Conformations of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

15.Q. Checkpoint Quiz10 Qns

16. Review - Acid/Base Chemistry & Intro to Organic Reactions

56min

16.1.1. Acid/Base Equilibrium Fundamentals - Use of Acids and Bases in Organic Chemistry4 min

16.1.2. Key Definitions in Acids/Bases5 min

16.1.3. Acid/Base Equilibrium Constants2 min

16.1.4. Example: Acid/Base Arrows 3 min

16.2.1. Factors Influencing Acid/Base Strength2 min

16.2.2. Electronegativity1 min

16.2.3. Atom Size2 min

16.2.4. Resonance3 min

16.2.5. Hybridization3 min

16.2.6. Induction3 min

16.2.7. Aromaticity3 min

16.2.8. Example: Acid/Base Strength 3 min

16.2.9. Example: Acid/Base Strength 3 min

16.2.10. Practice: Acid/Base Equilibria 2 min

16.2.11. Practice: Acid/Base Equilibria 2 min

16.3.1. Important pKas You Should Know4 min

16.3.2. Relationship Between pH and pKa2 min

16.3.3. Amino Acids at Different pHs3 min

16.3.4. Practice: Amino Acids in Solution3 min

16.3.5. Practice: Amino Acids in Solution3 min

16.3.6. Summary Sheet: Amino Acids in Solution of Various pH

16.3.7. Summary Sheet: pKa's of Common Molecules

16.4.1. Summary Sheet: Chemical Equilibria and Acid/Base Chemistry

16.Q. Checkpoint Quiz15 Qns

Mock Exams

ME.1. Midterm Test - Mock Assessment49 Qns

ME.2. Final Exam - Mock Assessment36 Qns

ME.1 Midterm Test - Mock Assessment

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