Wize High School Grade 11 Biology Textbook > Animal Physiology
Animal Tissue Types
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Overview of Animal Physiology
- Anatomy: the body structure of living things
- Form
- Physiology: the function and mechanisms of living things
- Function
- Animal bodies have hierarchical structure
- Small < Large
- Cells < Tissues < Organs < Organ Systems
- Tissues: groups of similar cells that perform single function Example: Muscle tissue
- Organs: group of tissues that perform specific function Example: Heart
- Organ Systems: groups of organs working together for greater function Example: Circulatory system
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Animal Tissue Types
Epithelial Tissue
- Sheets of densely packed cells
- Covers outside of body and organs
- Protection
- Physical damage
- Disease
- Water-loss
- Interacts with environment Example: Epithelium lines small intestines. It secretes digestive fluid and absorbs nutrients
Nervous Tissue
- Movement of information
- Neurons: specialized cells that make up the nervous system
- Neurons receive and transmit impulses
- Glial Cells: support neurons
Muscle Tissue:
- Three main types
- Skeletal Muscle: allows voluntary movement Example: Lifting your arm
- Smooth Muscle: Involuntary movement Example: Stomach churning to digest food
- Cardiac Muscle: forms the heart muscle Example: Heartbeats
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Example: Muscle Tissue Types
Given the scenarios describing muscle movements, identify the type of human muscle tissue is involved.
- Heart rate increasing before giving a presentation
- Lifting a large box overhead
- Digesting a meal
Answer:
1. Cardiac muscle
2. Skeletal muscle
3. Smooth muscle
Practice: Hierarchical Structure of Animals
Which of the following represents the correct order of animal body organization from smallest to largest?
Practice: Stomach Tissue Type
What type of tissue is your stomach?
Practice: Protective Tissue
What type of tissue protects the body from disease and water-loss?