Wize High School Grade 11 Chemistry Textbook > Properties of Matter
Classification of Matter
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Classification of Matter
Pure Substances
- Pure substances cannot be broken down into different substances,
- They are uniform and constant in composition
Elements
- Atomic Elements: only one atom in the formula Example: Ar, Ne, Na
- Molecular Elements: an element that exists as a molecule; there are two or more of the same atom bounded together Example: O2, H2, Br2, Cl2, I2, F2, N2, O3, P4, S8
Compounds
- Ionic Compounds: a compound composed of a positively charged ion and a negatively charged ion Example: NaCl, Sn(SO2)4
- Molecular Compounds: a compounds composed of two or more non-metal elements Example: H2O, CO2
Mixtures
- Mixtures are made of two or more substances and can be separated by physical means
- Homogenous mixtures are mixtures that are uniform throughout. A solution is a special type of homogenous mixture. Example: salt water
- Heterogenous mixtures are mixtures that are not uniform throughout. Also known as mechanical mixtures Example: soup
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Properties of Ionic and Molecular Compounds
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Example: Classifying Matter
Classify each of the following substances as either an element, a compound, a heterogenous mixture or a homogenous mixture,
- hydrogen peroxidecompound
- goldelement
- whole milkhomogenous mixture
- sandheterogenous mixture
Practice: Classifying Matter
Match the following substances with the type of matter that they represent
A.
compound
B.
mixture
C.
element
syrup
charcoal
magnesium oxide
Practice: Properties of Ionic and Molecular Compounds
Mark the following statements as either TRUE or FALSE.
- Most molecular compounds are solid at room temperature
- Ionic compounds have high melting points, whereas molecular compounds have low melting points
- In aqueous solutions, ionic compounds do not conduct electricity
- Molecular compounds are poor conductors of electricity
Practice: Identifying Compounds as Ionic or Molecular
Identify the following compounds as either molecular (M) or ionic (I) based on their properties.
- Compound A is a gas at room temperature
- Compound B has a melting point of 800°C and is soluble in water
- Compound C conducts electricity in an aqueous solution, but not as a solid
- Compound D is a liquid at room temperature and does not conduct electricity