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Naming Hydrocarbons
- To name any hydrocarbon, follow these steps:
- Identify and name the longest carbon chain, using the following prefixes:
- Identify and name any substituents on the carbon chain. These substituents include alkyl groups, and halides. If there is more than one substituent of the same type, we combine them with a prefix.
- Give these substituents the appropriate ‘address’. If there are more than one substituent, they are listed in alphabetical order
- Add substituent names as a prefix to the carbon chain
- Change suffix of the carbon chain if necessary
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Example: Naming Alkanes
Name the following alkane:
3-Methyl-4-propyloctane
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Example: Naming Alkenes
Name the following alkene:
2 – methylbut-2-ene
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Example: Naming Alkynes
Name the following alkyne
5-Ethyl-4-methylhept-2-yne
Name the following compound.
Practice: Hydrocarbon Isomers
Choose the compound below which is a structural isomer of 2,2-dimethylpentane.