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Wize University Chemistry Textbook > Atoms, Ions, & Isotopes

Atomic Structure

Isotopes and Atomic WeightNext Section
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The Atom and its Subatomic Particles

Atoms are the building blocks of chemistry (and life!). They make up everything from the screen of your computer, to components in your eyes! They are all around us. Since atoms are such a key concept in chemistry, let's take a closer look at their structure.

Atomic Structure


Subatomic Particles



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Chemical Symbols and Notation




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Example: Nuclear Notation


Ex1) 612C_6^{12}C_{ }


# of protons:
6
# of neutrons:
6
# of electrons:
6


Wize Concept
Atomic Mass = # of protons + # of neutrons
# of neutrons = Atomic mass - # of protons


Ex2) 919F−_9^{19}F_{_{ }}^-

# of protons:
9
# of neutrons:
10
# of electrons:
10



Wize Tip
When electrons are added to an element we call it an anion, and it would have a negative charge.
When electrons are removed from an element we call it a cation, and it would have a positive charge


Practice: Nuclear Notation

How many protons, neutrons and electrons are there in 75As3−^{75}As^{3-}?

Extra Practice
Atomic Structure
Complete the following blanks in the table. Elements can be neutral atoms or charged ions. You may use the Periodic Table provided.
Bohr model: Energy
In a Hydrogen atom, for a transition to occur from n = 3 to n = 2, would energy need to be absorbed or emitted?
The Atom
1. Match the following definitions with the correct term.
The Atom
For germanium-73 (charge = 3+), there are
32
protons,
41
neutrons and
29
electrons.
The Atom
3. For zinc-65 (charge = 2+), there are
30
protons,
35
neutrons and
28
electrons.
Atom: Nuclear Notation
Nuclear Notation - Practice Question
How many protons, neutrons and electrons are there in 75As3-?
Answer: There are
33
protons,
42
neutrons and
36
electrons.
Elements: Atomic vs Mass Number
An atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons in its nucleus. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
(i) This atom has an atomic number of 12. (ii) Its mass number is 23. (iii) This atom has 12 electrons.
Elements: Atomic Number
Each element in the periodic table is assigned a number called the atomic number. This is equal to:
How many protons (p), neutrons (n) and electrons (e) are present in 80200Hg2+{\small _{80}^{200}Hg^{2+}}?
Of the following, which contains the greatest amount of neutrons?
How many protons does 12C have?
Match the subatomic particle to its mass and charge.
An element is known to have a mass number of 27.
"The Periodic Table", image retrieved from Chemistry 2e (https://d3bxy9euw4e147.cloudfront.net/oscms-prodcms/media/documents/Chemistry2e-OP_QCzV58S.pdf) by Flowers, P et al., is licensed under CC BY.
Elements: Atomic Mass
What is the total mass of a CO molecule? Given the following:
"The Periodic Table", image retrieved from Chemistry 2e (https://d3bxy9euw4e147.cloudfront.net/oscms-prodcms/media/documents/Chemistry2e-OP_QCzV58S.pdf) by Flowers, P et al., is licensed under CC BY.
The symbol for mass number is A)
A
. The symbol for atomic number is B)
Z
(Note: Use upper case letters)
A subatomic particle has a mass of 0.00054858 amu. Which particle is it?
Oxygen has a mass number of 16 amu. How many electrons does it have?
Definitions
Connect the term with the definition
Atom: Isotopes and Atomic Weight
An ion with a -2 charge has a mass number of 52 and contains 26 electrons. Which element is this ion? Specify the isotope as well.
Atom: Atomic Structure and Weight
1) How many protons does 12C have?
2) How many neutrons does 57Fe have?
3) How many protons does 13C have?
How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in a 113In atom?
How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in a 90Sr atom?
How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in a 57Fe2+ cation?
Which of the following pairs of species are isoelectronic? (Select all that apply)
Atom: Number of Protons, Electrons, Neutrons
Number of Protons, Electrons, & Neutrons
Example:
How many protons, electrons, and neutrons does Sr2+ have?
How many neutrons does 57Fe have?
How many protons does 13C have?
Atomic structure: Practice
Complete the following blanks in the table. Elements can be neutral atoms or charged ions. You may use the Periodic Table provided.
Elements: Isotopes
Which of the following species has an isotope with a mass number of 42, 18 electrons, and an overall charge of 2+?
Atomic Structure: Practice
Complete the following blanks in the table. Elements can be neutral atoms or charged ions. You may use the Periodic Table provided.
CHEM 1011 (Dalhousie) - The Atom
Fill-out the table below (to input the atom/ion column, zinc-65 (charge = 2+), for example, would be inputted in the following format: Zn-65 (2+). If neutral, input: Zn-65).