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Carboxylic Acids
We know the carboxylic acid from the oxidation of primary alcohols and aldehydes as well as the Grignard reaction with carbon dioxide (CO2). The carboxylic acid can then be converted to its derivatives using one step (or two steps in the case of the amide!).
Reactions of Carboxlyic Acids
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Example: Carboxylic Acids
The most common method for synthesis of esters and anhydrides from carboxylic acids requires the addition of a strong acid catalyst. Ultimately, either oxygen atom (i.e. the C=O or O-H) can be transformed to a leaving group, as we see with the example shown below.
Draw a mechanism for the reaction below and use it to rationalize the product distribution.
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Example: Carboxylic Acids
What is the product of the following reaction:
- at room temperature?
- at high temperature?
