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Eye Anatomy
Cornea - protects the eye, focuses light
Pupil & Iris- dilates and constricts to control how much light enters the eye
Lens - focuses light entering the eye on the retina
Retina - tissue on the back of the eye that is made up of photoreceptors that transduce light into a neural signal
Fovea - focal point where vision is clearest
Macula - area right around the focal point
Optic Nerve - bundle of axon fibers from photoreceptors and other cells on the retina. Exits through back of the eye, creating a blind spot
Photoreceptors
Photoreceptors - cells that respond to light and transduce it into a neural signal
Rods - photoreceptors primarily sensitive to light and dark with low spatial resolution
Cones - photoreceptors primarily sensitive to colour with high spatial resolution
Bipolar cells - link between photoreceptors and ganglion cells
Ganglion cells - collect inputs from photoreceptors. Sensitive to blue light
Cones are concentrated near the fovea, whereas rods are more dense further away from the fovea - this is why our peripheral vision is not as sensitive to colour and fine detail.
Practice: Eye Anatomy
The blind spot in the eye is: