Wize University Psychology Textbook > Personality
Genetics/Biology of Personality
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Genetics/Biology of Personality
Like with many aspects of our psychology, our personality is shaped by a variety of factors, including genetics
However, there are no single "personality genes'" that account for an entire personality trait
Gene-environment interactions - genetics may predispose people to having a certain range of personality traits, but the environment also plays a crucial role in how they are expressed
- Example - Paul is genetically predisposed towards riskier behaviour, but because he had strong social and economic support growing up, this trait is expressed through him creating a start-up and becoming an entrepreneur
Heritability - twin studies can be used to determine the effects of genetic and environmental factors on personality
- Example - Researchers conduct personality assessments for two groups: monozygotic (identical) twins raised apart and dizygotic (fraternal) twins raised together. They will likely find that monozygotic twins are more similar in personality, despite being raised apart in different environments, indicating a strong genetic influence
Neurotransmitters - dopamine is associated with Extraversion and Openness, while low serotonin is associated with impulsivity, irritability, and aggression
Hans Eysenck Biological Theory of Personality - Eysenck proposed a biological basis for personality, suggesting introverts have overactive brains and seek reduced stimulation, while extroverts have underactive brains and seek increased stimulation and arousal