Wize University Psychology Textbook > Psychological Disorders
Dissociative Disorders
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Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative disorders are characterized by disruptions to an individual's conscious experience, memory, or identity.
These symptoms can often occur as a result of trauma — often during childhood — or severe stress.
Dissociative Amnesia:
- A stressful or traumatic event leads to gaps in memory and selective amnesia (memory loss)
- Information and knowledge about one's self is particularly affected
- Dissociative fugue: considered a subtype of Dissociative Amnesia by the DSM-V; characterized by memory and identity loss, as well as travel or even the establishment of a new life or identity
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID):
- Formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder; controversial diagnosis
- Characterized by the presence of multiple personas, personalities, or alters
- Personas are often not aware of the existence of each other; an individual's voice, behaviour, and personality may change between different personas
Depersonalization-derealization disorder (DDD):
- Characterized by depersonalization (feeling detached from your body and thoughts, like you're observing someone else) and/or derealization (feeling that your environment or world is not real or that it is dreamlike)
- These episodes may last anywhere between a few hours to months