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Intermolecular forces: Properties of liquids

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Wize University Chemistry Textbook > Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties

Properties of Liquids

7 Activities

Wize University Chemistry Textbook > Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties

Intermolecular Forces

5 Activities

The meniscus in a mercury thermometer points up. Ethanol in a graduated cylinder has meniscus that points down. This is explained by



More Properties of Liquids Questions:
What physical property of water is unusual?
Properties of Water: Surface tension
A very light bug is able to walk on water even though it has higher density than the water. The property of water which explains this phenomena is
How could you increase the rate at which 20L of water evaporates at 100oC in a pot on the stove?
Boiling Point
Rationalize the boiling points of the following compounds
Ethane (CH3CH3) bp = −88∘C-88^\circ C
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) bp = 78∘C78^\circ C
More Intermolecular Forces Questions:
Intermolecular forces: Ranking Boiling Points
Please rank the following compounds from lowest boiling point to highest boiling point.
HOCH2CH2OH, CH4, CH3Cl, CH3CH2CH3, CH3OH
Intermolecular Forces
In each pair of molecules, determine which would have the higher boiling point.
a) C8H18 (non-polar) and CH4
b) C8H18 (non-polar) and HF
Stereoisomerism
Which two molecules have the same boiling point?
Inetrmolecular Forces, Bond Polarity
1. Compare the boiling points of group 15 hydrides.
2. Compare the boiling points of all four haloacids.
Choose the correct option:
Intermolecular forces
Describe the strongest intermolecular forces in the following compounds.
Intermolecular Forces: Melting Points
Provide an explanation for the difference in melting points of the following two compounds:
Intermolecular Forces: Melting point
For each pair of molecules, determine which will have the higher melting point.(1st/2nd)
a)
b)
Intermolecular Forces
Which substance exhibits hydrogen bonding?
Intermolecular Forces
For which of the following compounds is hydrogen bonding an important intermolecular force?
Intermolecular Forces
Which ONE of the following pairs of molecule and intermolecular force is CORRECT?
What type of intermolecular forces are present in SO2(g)?
A. Dipole-Dipole
B. Ion-Induced Dipole
Which of the following molecules has the strongest intermolecular forces?
Which of the following is expected to have the strongest surface tension?
Intermolecular forces: Boiling point
Rank the following in order of increasing boiling point
H3CCH3, KBr, CH3NH2, CH3I
The surface tension of hexane is lower than the surface tension of hexanol because:
Intermolecular forces
Choose the correct statement from the following:
H-bonding
Which one has lower melting point?
Intermolecular Forces
Which one of these two compounds has lower boiling point?
Inetrmolecular Forces
1. Compare the boiling points of group 15 hydrides.
2. Compare the boiling points of all four haloacids.
boiling point
Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point at atmospheric pressure?
Water, Methanol, Hexane, Sulfuric acid
The boiling points of hydrocarbons increase as the hydrocarbon gets more carbon atoms added to it. Methane CH4 (-161.5oC), ethane C2H6 (-89oC), propane C3H8 (-42oC) This can best be explained by:
Intermolecular forces
Choose the correct intermolecular forces in the following compounds.
Intermolecular Forces & Liquid Properties
Rank the following compounds from the lowest to highest boiling point: CH4, NH4, H2S. For each molecule also indicate what inter molecular forces exist. Explain the reasoning for this order.
Intermolecular forces: Strength
A solid sample of PbBr2 is added to water, and the solid does not dissolve, creating a heterogeneous mixture. What is the strongest IMF that exists in this mixture of compounds?
Intermolecular Forces
In each pair of molecules, determine which would have the higher boiling point.
a) C8H18 (non-polar) and CH4
b) C8H18 (non-polar) and HF
Intermolecular Forces
Determine what is the strongest type of intermolecular force that could exist between the two molecules in the following mixtures.
I = ionic
D = dipole
Intermolecular Forces
In each pair of molecules, determine which would have the lower boiling point.
a) AgBr and H2O
b) AgBr and CO2
Intermolecular Forces
A AgBr salt is completely insoluble in water (H2O). What is the strongest type of interaction that would exist in a mixture of AgBr and H2O?
Intermolecular Forces
Determine what is the strongest type of intermolecular force that could exist between the two molecules in the following mixtures.
I = ionic
D = dipole
Intermolecular forces
Place the following in order of increasing melting point:
CO2, Ne, CH3OH, KI
How would the order change if I asked you to order those molecules in order of increasing boiling point?
Which of the following would have the highest boiling point?
Based on the three examples below, rank the strength of the intermolecular interaction from highest to lowest.
A) NH3 with NH3 B) CH4 with Ne C) Ca2+ with H2O
Molecule acrylonitrile, C3H3N, shown below.
Acrylonitrile has a higher boiling point (77oC) than butane (0oC) despite a slightly lower molecular weight, due mainly to what type of intermolecular force? (Butane can be found below)
Intermolecular forces
Describe the strongest intermolecular forces in the following compounds.
a) HCF3
b) HOCH3
For each pair of molecules, determine which will have the higher melting point. (Enter 1 or 2 as your answer)
a)
b)
Intermolecular forces: Strength comparison
Based on the three examples below, rank the strength of the intermolecular interaction from highest to lowest.
A) NH3 with NH3 B) CH4 with Ne C) Ca2+ with H2O
Intermolecular forces: Strength
Which of the following intermolecular forces is strongest?
Intermolecular forces: Strength
Which of the following exhibit the strongest intermolecular forces?
Intermolecular forces
Describe the forces present when U interacts with itself
Practice: Intermolecular Forces
List the following molecules in order of increasing boiling point.
Molecule acrylonitrile, C3H3N, shown below.
Acrylonitrile has a higher boiling point (77oC) than butane (0oC) despite a slightly lower molecular weight, due mainly to what type of intermolecular force? (Butane can be found below)
Intermolecular forces
Describe the strongest intermolecular forces in the following compounds.
a) HCF3
b) HOCH3
Kevlar is a useful material which is found in bullet proof vests. Kevlar can be synthesized from polymerization of 4-amino benzoic acid, shown below.
What type of intermolecular forces hold the strands of Kevlar together? Choose the strongest one.
Intermolecular forces: Melting point
For the following pair of molecules, determine which will have the higher melting point.
Molecule 1:
VS
Intermolecular forces
Considering likely intermolecular forces, which of the following should have the highest boiling point?
Intermolecular forces
Triiodomethane, CHI3, is a yellow solid with a normal melting point of 120oC. What is the main intermolecular force in CHI3? Which of the listed intermolecular forces is/are at work in this substance?
i. ion-dipole attraction
ii. hydrogen bonding
Intermolecular forces
Arrange the following molecules, H2S, HF, NCl3, in order of increasing dipole-dipole interactions.
Intermolecular forces: Boiling point
Rank the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point
CH3CH2OH, HOCH2CH2OH, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH, CH3CH2OCH2CH3
Intermolecular forces
Describe the intermolecular forces in the following compounds.
a) HCF3
b) HOCH3
What kind of intermolecular forces are most important in hexane (C6H14)?
Intermolecular Forces
Rank the following molecules by strength of intermolecular forces. Show an illustration of the dominant intermolecular force in each.
(a) HCl (g)
(b) CH3COOH (l)
Intermolecular Forces
In which of the molecules below is hydrogen bonding an important force that holds the molecules together?
Which molecule do you expect to have the highest boiling point?
Intermolecular Forces: Boiling point
Which molecule do you expect to have the highest boiling point?
Intermolecular Forces: Boiling point
Comparing HF, HCl and HBr, which of the following statements is correct?
Intermolecular Forces: Strength
Which of the following would have the strongest intermolecular forces?
Intermolecular Forces: Boiling Point
Which of the following species would you predict to have the highest boiling point
Intermolecular forces: Boiling Point of Water
Explain why water boils at 100oC but the larger ethanol, CH3CH2OH, boils at 78oC.
Which molecule do you expect to have the highest boiling point?
Intermolecular forces: Ranking Boiling Points
Please rank the following compounds from lowest boiling point to highest boiling point.
HOCH2CH2OH, CH4, CH3Cl, CH3CH2CH3, CH3OH
Intermolecular forces: Boiling point
The boiling point of hydrocarbons increases as the hydrocarbon gets more carbon atoms added to it. Methane CH4 (-161.5oC), ethane C2H6 (-89oC), propane C3H8 (-42oC) This can best be explained by:
Intermolecular forces: Boiling point
Which molecule do you expect to have the lowest boiling point?
As two Hydrogen (H2) molecules approach each other the potential energy
What kind of intermolecular forces are most important in pentane (C5H12)?
Intermolecular Forces: Boiling point
Water boils at 100oC and ammonia (NH3) boils at -33oC. This is best explained by,
A Na+ ion interacts with liquid N2 by
Intermolecular forces: Boiling Point and Size
The boiling point of hydrocarbons increases as the hydrocarbon gets more carbon atoms added to it. Methane CH4 (-161.5oC), ethane C2H6 (-89oC), propane C3H8 (-42oC) This can best be explained by:
A student mixes HF with PCl3 at 0oC and forms a liquid mixture. What types of intermolecular forces are present between the two components of this liquid mixture, HF and PCl3?
Intermolecular Forces
H2S is a very smelly compound added to natural gas (CH4) to help people detect natural gas leaks. What are the intermolecular forces that hold H2S and CH4 together?
Intermolecular Forces: Surface Tension
What types of intermolecular forces are responsible for the high surface tension in water?
Intermolecular Forces
Which of the following solvents would NOT have ion-dipole interactions with NaCl?
Intermolecular forces: Condensation
When propane is cooled to -42oC it condenses from a gas to a liquid. This occurs because
Intermolecular forces: Boiling point
Which of these molecules would you predict to have the highest boiling point?
Ranking Boiling Points
Practice: Ranking Boiling Points
Rank the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point.
Intermolecular Forces
Which of these molecules would be able to hydrogen bond with water?
A. i and iv only
B. i, ii and iv only
Intermolecular Forces
Which of the following lists all the intermolecular interactions that would be present in a solution of propanol and water?
Intermolecular forces
Consider the two molecules, ethylene glycol HOCH2CH2OH, and glycerol, HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH, which
of the following is true:
Intermolecular forces
What are the intermolecular forces that would exist between a molecule of hexane and a molecule of
butanal?
Intermolecular Forces: Hybridization and isomerization
Consider the following three compounds to answer the question below:
Which of the following is/are correct?
Intermolecular forces
Describe the strongest intermolecular forces in the following compounds.
a) HCF3
b) HOCH3
Intermolecular Forces: Boiling Point
Rank the following compounds in order of increasing boling point.
Intermolecular Forces: Boiling Point
Rank the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point.
What kind of intermolecular forces are most important in hexane (C6H14)?