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Resonance Structure, Oxidation State

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Wize University Chemistry Textbook > Lewis Structures & Resonance Structures

How to Draw Lewis Structures

5 Activities

Wize University Chemistry Textbook > Chemical Reactions

Oxidation States

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Wize University Chemistry Textbook > Lewis Structures & Resonance Structures

Resonance Structures

6 Activities


Choose the correct statement:
More How to Draw Lewis Structures Questions:
Practice: Formal Charge
Practice: Formal Charges
In the molecule POCl3, what is the formal charge on the P atom in the best Lewis structure?
Acids and Bases: Acids and Salts
Draw the correct lewis structure of HClO3 and draw all resonance structures.
Lewis Structures
Calculate the formal charge on each atom in the molecule. Determine the most stable resonance structure.
Lewis Structures
Calculate the formal charge on each atom in the molecule. Determine the most stable resonance structure.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, draw all valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Inspect the following incomplete resonance structures, and identify the INCORRECT statement about the
nitrous oxide molecule.
Hybridization, bond angle
1. What are the hybridization of each of the N atom in N3― and what is the NNN bond angle?
2. What are the hybridization of each of the atoms in HOCN? What are the HOC and OCN bond angles?
Choose the correct option:
Lewis Dot Structure, Resonance
Choose the most stable resonance form of carbon monoxide.
Practice: Formal Charge
Practice: Formal Charges
In the molecule POCl3, what is the formal charge on the P atom in the best Lewis structure?
Lewis Structures
Complete the “best” Lewis diagrams for the following species and use them to answer the next three questions
SeCl2
PO2+
Covalent Bonding and Lewis Structures
Draw Lewis structures for the following molecules
a) NH3
b) CO2
Lewis Structure: Geometry Practice
Three compounds are given below. Write the dot structure and draw the molecular geometry for each of these molecules. Also include a descriptive name to describe the molecular shape: bent, T-shaped, see-saw, trigonal planar, trigonal pyramid, trigonal bipyramid, square planar, square pyramid, tetrahedral, or octahedral.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Show all of the most stable resonance structures for CO32-.
Lewis Structures
Draw the Lewis Structure for SF2O2.
Lewis Structures
Draw the Lewis structure for CH2Br2
Lewis dot structure
Which of the following statements is (are) correct for the most important Lewis structure of BCl3?
Lewis dot structure
Draw the best Lewis dot structure of CN–.
Hybridization
Consider the following Lewis Dot Structure of CO:
What is the best option for describing the bond between C and O?
Lewis Dot Structure
Draw Lewis dot structures and more stable resonance structures (wherever applicable) of the following:
1. NO2
2. CH3OH
Benzene Derivatives
Complete the best Lewis structure of p-aminosalicylic acid (C7H7NO3) below to answer the following questions.
a) How many valence electrons are in the complete Lewis structure?
b) What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom?
Benzene Derivatives
For the skeletal structure below, complete the Lewis structure and draw all three resonance structures for phenolate, C6H5O-. Show all lone pairs and additional bonds.
Lewis structure: Formal charge
Complete the best Lewis structure of the organic compound shown below (CH3CH2NO2). Determine the formal charge on the nitrogen.
Acids and Bases: Acids and Salts
Draw the correct lewis structure of chloric acid and draw all resonance structures.
Lewis Structure: Electron Movement in Resonance Structures
Complete the resonance structures by drawing the curly arrows required to convert between one resonance structure to another. Circle the resonance structure that is lower in energy.
ClO2-:
Lewis Structure: Resonance Structures
How many Resonance structures are there for the sulfite ion?
Organic Compounds
Complete the Lewis structure of p-chlorobenzoate (shown below) to answer the following questions.
Organic Compounds
Complete the correct Lewis structure of NH3CH3CH3CO2 (see below) to answer the following questions.
Resonance Structures
Draw all the resonance structures of CO2Cl- to answer the following questions.
Lewis Structures
Draw the correct Lewis structure of CO to answer the following questions.
Lewis Structures
Draw the correct Lewis structure of XeF5 to answer the following questions.
Organic Compounds
Complete the Lewis structure of p-chlorobenzoate (shown below) to answer the following questions.
Organic Compounds
Draw all the resonance structures of aniline (NH2C6H5). The incomplete Lewis structure of aniline is shown below.
Organic Compounds
Complete the correct Lewis structure of NH3CH3CH3CO2 (see below) to answer the following questions.
Organic Compounds
Draw the correct Lewis structure of HCCH.
Acids and Salts
Draw the correct Lewis structure of potassium sulfite (Na2SO3) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4).
Resonance Structures
Draw all the resonance structures of CO2Cl- to answer the following questions.
Resonance Structures
Draw all resonance structures for the carbonate ion: CO32-.
Lewis Structures
Draw the correct Lewis structure of CO to answer the following questions.
Lewis Structures
Draw the correct Lewis structure of XeF4 to answer the following questions.
Lewis Structures
Draw the correct Lewis structure of XeO4 to answer the following questions.
Lewis Structures
Draw the correct Lewis structure of BeF2.
Lewis Structures
Draw the Lewis structure of SO2Cl2 to answer the following questions.
Lewis Structures
Complete the “best” Lewis diagrams for the following species and use them to answer the next three questions
a) SeCl2
b) PO2+
Lewis Structures
Which is the correct Lewis Structure forAlCl3\rm AlCl_3?
VSEPR: Molecular Polarity
Is SO2 polar or non-polar?
What is the molecular shape?
What is the electron geometry?
Lewis Structures: VSEPR
Which of the following compounds of xenon has exactly one nonbonding pair of electrons on the xenon
atom?
Lewis Structures
Which one of the following ions has nonbonding valence electrons at the central atom?
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Inspect the following incomplete resonance structures, and identify the INCORRECT statement about the
nitrous oxide molecule.
Lewis Structures
Next question concerns the molecule acrylonitrile, C3H3N, shown below.
How many nonbonding valence electrons are there in a molecule of acrylonitrile?
Lewis Structures
Complete the skeleton given below to give the “best” Lewis diagram for a molecule of H2CCHCH2C(O)OH, then identify which of the statements below is false?
A. The C3C4 bond is stronger than the C2C3 bond.
B. There are 8 electrons not involved in bonding.
Lewis Structures: Formal Charge
In the molecule POCl3, what is the formal charge on the P atom in the best Lewis structure?
Lewis Structures: Molecular Polarity
Draw Lewis structures and give the other information requested for the following:
NO3-. Polar or nonpolar molecule?
BrF5. Polar or nonpolar molecule? Geometry?
Lewis Structures: Formal Charge
5) Which of the following is the best Lewis structure for CO? (Enter a b c or d as your answer)
Lewis Structure: Phosphorus Pentafluoride
Please draw a reasonable Lewis structure for PF5
Lewis Structure: Nitric Oxide
Please draw the BEST Lewis structure for NO.
Lewis Structures
Draw Lewis structures, including resonance structures where applicable, for the following compound: PF5
Lewis Structure: Sulphate
Draw a reasonable Lewis structure for SO42-.
How many non-bonding electron pairs are on the central atom in PF4+PF_4^+ ?
Lewis Structure: Alkene
Which of the following molecules contains a double bond? (May be more than one)
a) HCCBr
b) H2NNH2
Lewis Structures
Calculate the formal charge on each atom in the molecule. Determine the most stable resonance structure.
Lewis Structures: Formal Charge
In the molecule POCl3 the central atom is P, what is the formal charge on the P atom in the best dot
structure (Lewis structure)?
(Note: Phosphorous is a third row element.)
Lewis Structures
Draw the Lewis structure for HCN. Calculate the formal charge of each atom.
Lewis Structures: Formal charge
Which of the following structures has a Cl with +1 formal charge?
Lewis Structure
Draw the Lewis structure for BFClH.
How to Draw a Lewis Structure Question
1) Draw the Lewis structure of H3PO4.
1) Complete the Lewis structure for the skeletal structure shown below
Lewis Structures: Formal charges
Complete the following skeletal structure. Please show all lone pairs and formal charges.
How many lone pairs are there in the best Lewis structure
Lewis Structure: Formal charge
Complete the following skeletal structure. Please show all lone pairs and formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Formal Charge
In the molecule POCl3, what is the formal charge on the P atom in the best Lewis structure?
VSEPR and Lewis Structure
1) Draw Lewis structures for the following molecules
2) List the molecular shape and electron geometry for each
a) NH3
Which of the following gives a pair of valid Lewis structures that are resonance structures of each other?
A. i only
B. ii only
Lewis Structures
Which of the following are correct, “best”, Lewis diagrams for
the condensed formulae given below them?
A. i only
Lewis Structures: VSEPR
If a molecule has the formula XBr4−\text{XBr}_ 4^- with a see-saw molecular geometry, what is the best choice for the identity of XX?
Lewis Structures
The Lewis diagrams for several molecules are shown below. Which of the molecules would be nonpolar?
Molecular Polarity and VSEPR
Consider the best Lewis diagrams for the following chemical species to answer the next two questions
CℓF3
O3
Lewis Structures
Complete the “best” Lewis diagrams for the following species and use them to answer the next three questions
a) SeCℓ2
b) PO2+
Lewis Structures
Draw Lewis structures for the following molecules.
a) AlCl3 b) CHCl3 c) PO43- d) PO33-
Practice: Skeletal Structure 2
Complete the following skeletal structure. Please show all lone pairs and formal charges.
Practice: Lewis Structure of Sulphate
Draw a reasonable Lewis structure for SO42-.
Draw Lewis structures, including resonance structures where applicable, for the following compound: NO3-
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Draw all reasonable resonance structures for the following compounds.
a) PS2Cl2-
b) SO42-
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures
Complete the following skeletal structure. Please show all lone pairs and formal charges.
Draw Lewis structures, including resonance structures where applicable, for the following compound: XeF6
Lewis Structure: Resonance
Diazomethane is a poisonous, explosive yellow gas at room temperature!
Starting its Lewis structure which is given below, show two other valid resonance structures. Be sure to show all bonds, lone pairs, and formal charges.
Which of these elements is the central atom in CHBrClI?
Draw Lewis structures, including resonance structures where applicable, for the following compound: XeF6
Which is the correct geometry of the following compounds: PBr3, BH4-, NMe4+
More Oxidation States Questions:
Practice: Lewis Structure: Formal Charge
Practice: Lewis Structure: Formal Charge
Calculate the formal charge of B in BH4⊝BH_4^{\circleddash }
Electrochemistry: Oxidation state
What is the oxidation state of Br in BrO3- ?
Lewis Structure: Formal Charge
Calculate the formal charge of B in BH4⊝BH_4^{\circleddash }
Lewis dot structure
Consider the following structure and choose the correct statement:
Oxidation state
In which compound does carbon have an average oxidation state of −2?
Ionic Bonds
For the following pairs of atoms, determine the ion that will form for each and the resulting chemical formula of the ionic compound.
a) K, O
b) Ca, Cl
Electrochemistry: Oxidation state
Determine the oxidation number of each element in each of the following compounds:
a. H2CO3
b. N2
Electrochemistry: Oxidation states
Give the unit formula of beryllium chloride.
Give the unit formula for aluminum nitrite.
Oxidation State Practice Questions
1) Determine the oxidation state for each atom in the following complexes.
a) Mg3P2
b) Na2(SO4)
Electrochemistry: Oxidation states
When potassium metal reacts with chlorine the product(s) is(are):
Electrochemistry: Oxidation States
When magnessium reacts with oxygen the product(s) is(are):
Electrochemistry: Oxidation States
The SO32- ion can be oxidized to the SO42- ion. What is the formal charge on the sulfur atoms for SO32- and SO42- in there most stable resonance structure?
Electrochemistry: Oxidation State
What is the oxidation state for the following: (enter answer as -1 or +2 for example)
P in P2O5:
+5
Cr in Na2Cr2O7:
+6
Electrochemistry: Oxidation state
What is the oxidation state of Br in BrO3- ?
More Resonance Structures Questions:
Acids and Bases: Acids and Salts
Draw the correct lewis structure of HClO3 and draw all resonance structures.
Lewis Structure: Resonance
Draw all possible resonance structures for the tetrathiooxalate anion, [C2S4]2-
Show all non-zero formal charges on the appropriate atoms. Show all lone pairs.
Lewis Structures: Non-equivalent Resonance Structures
There are three resonance structures one can draw where the octet rule is satisfied for all the atoms of the polyatomic ions SCN–.
a) Draw the three Resonance Structures below and make sure to include curved arrows that show how one could go from Resonance Structure 1 to 2 and Resonance Structure 2 to 3
b) Which of the structure(s) would you identify to be the best Lewis structure(s)? Explain your reasoning.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Are the following structures isomers or resonance forms?
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Are the following structures isomers or resonance forms?
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, draw all valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Inspect the following incomplete resonance structures, and identify the INCORRECT statement about the
nitrous oxide molecule.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Draw all of the most stable resonance structures for ClO4-.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
For which of the following molecules do we need to invoke resonance to effectively describing the bonding?
Lewis Dot Structure, Resonance
Choose the most stable resonance form of carbon monoxide.
Resonance
In the resonance hybrid structure of PO43–, the net charge on each O atom is:
Lewis Bonding Model
Draw the correct Lewis structure of ClO3- and all resonance structures.
Draw Lewis structures, including resonance structures where applicable, for the following compound: XeF6
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Draw all reasonable resonance structures for the following compounds.
a) PS2Cl2-
b) SO42-
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Starting from the Lewis structure below, complete two other valid resonance structures. Show all bonds, lone pairs, and non-zero formal charges.
Lewis Structure: Resonance
Diazomethane is a poisonous, explosive yellow gas at room temperature!
Starting its Lewis structure which is given below, show two other valid resonance structures. Be sure to show all bonds, lone pairs, and formal charges.
Lewis Structure: Resonance
Draw all possible resonance structures for the tetrathiooxalate anion, [C2S4]2-
Show all non-zero formal charges on the appropriate atoms. Show all lone pairs.
Lewis Bonding Model
Draw the correct Lewis structure of ClO3- and all resonance structures to answer the following questions.
Resonance and Lewis dot structure
Choose the most stable resonance form of carbon monoxide
Lewis Dot Structure
Draw Lewis dot structures and more stable resonance structures (wherever applicable) of the following:
1. NO2
2. CH3OH
Acids and Bases: Acids and Salts
Draw the correct lewis structure of chloric acid and draw all resonance structures.
Lewis Structure: Electron Movement in Resonance Structures
Complete the resonance structures by drawing the curly arrows required to convert between one resonance structure to another. Circle the resonance structure that is lower in energy.
ClO2-:
Lewis Structure: Resonance Structures
How many Resonance structures are there for the sulfite ion?
Resonance Structures
Draw all the resonance structures of CO2Cl- to answer the following questions.
Organic Compounds
Draw all the resonance structures of aniline (NH2C6H5). The incomplete Lewis structure of aniline is shown below.
Resonance Structures
Draw all the resonance structures of CO2Cl- to answer the following questions.
Resonance Structures
Draw all resonance structures for the carbonate ion: CO32-.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Inspect the following incomplete resonance structures, and identify the INCORRECT statement about the
nitrous oxide molecule.
Lewis Structure: Phosphate Resonance Structures
Draw all reasonable resonance structures for PO43-.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Show all of the most stable resonance structures for CO32-.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Draw the most stable resonance structures for ClO2-.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Draw all of the most stable resonance structures for ClO4-.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Draw the most stable resonance structures for NO2-.
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Draw all the most stable resonance structures for CO32-.
Lewis Structure: Resonance
Draw the most stable resonance structures for SO32-.
Lewis Structures: Testosterone resonance structures
Testosterone, an anabolic steroid, is the principle male sex hormone and is found in humans and other vertebrates. Testosterone is present in both males and females however the concentration is much higher (7-8 times) in males. The skeletal structure of testosterone is shown below. Complete the Lewis Structure and answer the following questions.
How many reasonable resonance structures does testosterone have?
Additional Resonance Structures Questions
1) Draw all reasonable resonance structures for the following compounds.
a) NO3-
b) SO32-
Which of the following resonances structures best describes NO3-
Lewis Structures: Resonance Acid/Base
The hydrogen atoms on carbon 3 of penta-2,4-dione (shown in red) are surprisingly acidic for a C-H bond. This is because the anion produced after deprotonation is resonance stabilized. Which resonance structure(s) below would be best for the conjugate base?
Lewis Structures: Resonance
Which of the following molecules has multiple resonance forms?
Lewis Structure: Azide Resonance Structures
Draw all reasonable resonance structures for the azide Ion, N3-, choose the most stable structure and explain your choice. (Hint: Azide is a linear molecule.)
Lewis Structures: Resonance
For which of the following molecules do we need to invoke resonance to effectively describe the bonding?
Lewis Structures: Resonance
For which of the following molecules is resonance necessary to describe the bonding?
Complete the skeleton given below to give the “best” Lewis diagram for a molecule of H2CCHCH2C(O)OH, then identify which of the statements below is false?
A. There are 8 electrons not involved in bonding.
B. There are 11 sigma bonds.
Which of the following gives a pair of valid Lewis structures that are resonance structures of each other?
Lewis Sructures: Resonance
Which of the following are resonance structures?
A. i only
B. ii only
Lewis Structure: Resonance
How many resonance structures does NO3- have? What is the orbital hybridization of the nitrogen atom, and what is its molecular shape?
Lewis Structures: Resonance

Lewis Structures: Equivalent Resonance Structures
There are three, equivalent resonance structures one can draw for the “best” Lewis diagram for the polyatomic ion SO32-. The resonance hybrid for SO32- is shown below.
a) Use the resonance hybrid above to help you draw the three resonance structures in the boxes below. On resonance structures 1 and 2 draw curved arrows that show how the two structures could be inter-converted with one another by moving valence electrons.
b) State the bond orders for each sulfur oxygen bond in both the hybrid and resonance structure 3.
Lewis Structures: Non-equivalent Resonance Structures
There are three resonance structures one can draw where the octet rule is satisfied for all the atoms of the polyatomic ions SCN–. These three resonance structures are shown below.
a) On the Resonance Structures draw curved arrows that show how one could go from Resonance Structure 1 to 2 and Resonance Structure 2 to 3.
b) Which of the structure(s) would you identify to be the best Lewis structure(s)? Explain your reasoning.