Wize University Psychology Textbook > Intelligence
Extremes of Intelligence
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Extremes of Intelligence
The Intellectually Gifted
People with an IQ of 130 or higher - top 10% of the population
Even with very high IQ we see variability in performance between verbal and spatial-mathematical skills
Three components of high performance
- Highly developed mental abilities, both in general intelligence and in specific mental abilities related to field of choice
- Creative problem solving
- Motivation and dedication
The Intellectually Disabled
People with an IQ of 70 or lower
- IQ 50-70 - Mild intellectual disability
- In adulthood may need occasional support or guidance when under stress, but otherwise adequate social, vocational, and self-maintenance skills
- IQ 35-50 - Moderate intellectual disability
- In adulthood can participate in recreation independently but needs support for self-maintenance
- IQ 20-35 - Severe intellectual disability
- Needs direction and supervision for daily life, routines and repetitive activities are learned
- IQ below 20 - Profound intellectual disability
- Requires assistance for daily life
Heritability - larger role in mild disability than profound disability
Intellectual disability may be caused by injury or illness at or before birth
- Anoxia - oxygen deprivation
- Maternal rubella or syphilis
- Drug and alcohol use
Practice: Extremes of Intelligence
Select the correct terms that identify lowest intelligence to highest intelligence: