Wize University Psychology Textbook > Stress & Health
Stress Management
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Stress Management
It is important to manage stress, otherwise it can lead to burnout and fatigue long-term!
Protective factors are things that can help you cope with and manage your stress. They can include:
1. Social support - having a trustworthy, reliable group of close family or friends can reduce stress levels and even boost your immune system. Social support can be:
- Emotional - providing empathy and comfort
- Esteem - providing words of encouragement and boosting self-worth
- Informational - providing useful information about resources or solutions to an issue
- Tangible - providing financial aid or help with tasks
2. Hardiness & optimism - feeling a sense of control over your life, viewing stressors as challenges rather than threats, and having a positive view of the future
3. Personality factors - having a Type B personality (less competitive, more laid-back, and does not desire control) may protect against stress more than a Type A personality (more competitive, impatient, and seeks control)
Coping strategies are techniques and approaches to deal with stress, regardless of prior protective factors
Emotion-focused coping - managing your emotional responses to stress
- Cognitive reframing
- Acceptance or denial
- Controlling feelings and relaxing
Problem-focused coping - addressing the root source of the stress (generally more effective than emotion-focused coping)
- Planning and problem-solving
- Active management of the issue
- Confrontation of the problem or people involved in the stress
Example: a person experiencing stress due to relationship issues could: reframe the issues in their mind to minimize their impact (emotion-focused coping) or have a discussion with their partner to address the issues they perceive (problem-focused coping)