Gene Mapping
Genome mapping is the process of finding the positions (locations) of genes on chromosomes (like Google maps!).
- Gene mapping starts with linkage analysis to determine which genes are close together (linked).
- Different alleles of the same gene give different phenotypes.
- The different alleles have a different DNA sequence.
- Gene mapping can be done to determine which allele gives a particular phenotype.
Different alleles can be identified using:
- Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are single base pair changes in the gene.
- Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) occur when the genome is digested with restriction enzymes, and a SNP that occurs in the specific restriction site so that the restriction enzyme can no longer cut at that particular location.
- This will result in a different band pattern on an electrophoresis gel.
