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Chemical Reactions: Limiting Reagents

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Wize University Chemistry Textbook > Stoichiometry

Introduction to Chemical Equations and Balancing

6 Activities

Wize University Chemistry Textbook > Stoichiometry

Limiting Reagents

5 Activities

Consider the following unbalanced reaction


Which reagent is in excess?
More Introduction to Chemical Equations and Balancing Questions:
Chemical reactions: Combustion
Select the correct balanced equation for the complete combustion reaction expected to occur between C4H10 and O2.
Balancing equations and naming compounds
Balance these chemical reactions and answer the following questions. Write a 1 in the blank if the coefficient is 1.
1
KF (aq) +
1
HI (aq) →
1
KI (aq) +
1
HF (aq)
The full name of the acid that is produced in this reaction is
hydrofluoric acid
Writing Molecular and Net Ionic Equations
Write the balanced net ionic equations (NIE) and molecular equations (ME) for the following. Show all your work. Be sure to show the states in the final equations as well as the charges on any ions.
A. NaCl (aq) + Pb(NO3)2 (aq) →
ME:
Stoichiometry: Limiting reagents
17g of P4 reacts with 64g of oxygen, O2 as described below in the UNBALANCED reaction. What is the maximum amount of P4O6 that can be formed?
P4(s)+O2(g)→P4O6(s)P_{4(s)}+O_{2(g)}\rightarrow P_4O_{6(s)}
Balancing Redox Equation
What is the coefficient of KI when the unbalanced expression below is balanced using the smallest whole number coefficients?
K2S2O3 + I2 → K2S4O6 + KI
Sodium metal reacts with water to give sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas as per the following unbalanced equation:
Na(s)+H2O(l)→NaOH(aq)+H2(g)Na(s)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow NaOH(aq)+H_2(g)
If 1.00 g of sodium were reacted with 0.786 g of water which species would be the limiting reagent?
Which one of the following is not a correct formation equation?
Consider the following unbalanced equation:
Zn (s) + NO3− (aq) + H+ (aq) → Zn2+ (aq) + NH4+ (aq) + H2O (l)
Write the net ionic and complete molecular reaction
Net Ionic and Complete Molecular Equation
Consider the following unbalanced reaction:
KMnO4 (aq) + FeSO4 (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) → Fe2(SO4)3 (aq) + MnSO4 (aq) + K2SO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
Write the balanced net ionic and complete molecular equation
Combustion
Select the correct balanced equation for the complete combustion reaction expected to occur between C3H7OH and O2.
A. C3H7OH + O2 → 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
B. 2 C3H7OH + 9 CO2 → 6 CO2 + 8 H2O + 9 C
Empirical Formulae
An organic compound, C5H12O2, is combusted in air to produce carbon dioxide and water vapour. Balance the chemical reaction that occurs.
Empirical Formulae
4. An organic compound, C3H8O2, is combusted in air to produce carbon dioxide and water vapour. Balance the chemical reaction that occurs.
Chemical Reactions: Balancing Combustion Reactions
Balance the reaction below. Make sure that the reaction has the lowest possible stoichiometric coefficients.
C12H14O    +    O2    →    CO2    +    H2OC_{12}H_{14}O\ \ \ \ +\ \ \ \ O_2\ \ \ \ \rightarrow\ \ \ \ CO_2\ \ \ \ +\ \ \ \ H_2O
Chemical Reactions: Balancing the Combustion of Pyridine
Choose the answer that balances the reaction shown below:
A C4H4O(l)+B O2(g)→C CO2(g)+D H2O(g)\text{A}\ C_4H_4O(l)+\text{B}\ O_2(g)\rightarrow\text{C}\ CO_2(g)+\text{D}\ H_2O(g)
Chemical Reactions: Balancing
Balance the following reaction:
C5H10O(l)+O2(g)→ CO2(g)+H2O(l)\text{C}_5H_{10}\text{O}_{\left(l\right)}+\text{O}_{2\left(g\right)}\rightarrow\ \text{CO}_{2\left(g\right)}+\text{H}_2\text{O}_{\left(l\right)}
What coefficient is in front of oxygen gas in the balanced reaction?
More Limiting Reagents Questions:
Stoichiometry and Limiting Reagent
Consider the following balanced equation:
2 NH3 (g) + 3 CuO (s) → N2 (g) + 3 Cu (s) + 3 H2O (l)
A reaction mixture contains 18.1 g NH3 and 90.4 g CuO. How much of the limiting reagent in (g's) is remaining?
Chemical reactions: Limiting Reagent
Sodium metal reacts with water to give sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas as per the following unbalanced equation:
Na(s)+H2O(l)→NaOH(aq)+H2(g)Na(s)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow NaOH(aq)+H_2(g)
If 1.00 g of sodium were reacted with 0.786 g of water which species would be the limiting reagent?
Stoichiometry and Limiting Reagent
Consider the following balanced equation:
2 NH3 (g) + 3 CuO (s) → N2 (g) + 3 Cu (s) + 3 H2O (l)
A reaction mixture contains 18.1 g NH3 and 90.4 g CuO. How much of the limiting reagent in (g's) is remaining?
Stoichiometry: Limiting Reagents
Vanillin acetate is a synthetic flavoring agent used to mimic the natural flavor of vanilla in candies, beverages, ice creams, and baked goods. You only need 10-30 ppm concentrations of vanillin acetate to flavor most foods! The preparation of this compound is described by the balanced reaction scheme below. Use the data provided to answer the following questions.
Chemical reactions: Limiting Reagent & Percent Yield
Iron oxidizes when exposed to oxygen to form iron oxide according to the following equation:
Fe (s) + O2 (g) ​→ Fe2​O3​ (s)
352g of pure iron is exposed to 12.0 mols of O2, and after a period of time, 46.7 g of iron oxide (rust) is collected.
Sodium metal reacts with water to give sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas as per the following unbalanced equation:
Na(s)+H2O(l)→NaOH(aq)+H2(g)Na(s)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow NaOH(aq)+H_2(g)
If 1.00 g of sodium were reacted with 0.786 g of water which species would be the limiting reagent?
Gas Stoichiometry and Limiting Reagent
Consider the following equation:
4NH3(g) + 7O2(g) → 4NO2(g) + 6H2O(l)
3 L NH3 and 7 L O2 were reacted at 350 °C and 111 kPa. How much NO2 can be produced?
Stoichiometry: Yield
What is the maximum amount of iodine gas (in moles) that can be formed if 1.00 mole of manganese (IV) oxide was allowed to react with 2.00 moles of hydroiodic acid to from manganese(II) iodide, iodine gas, and water?
Chemical reactions: Limiting Reagent & Percent Yield
Iron oxidizes when exposed to oxygen to form iron oxide according to the following equation:
Fe (s) + O2 (g) ​→ Fe2​O3​ (s)
352g of pure iron is exposed to 12.0 mols of O2, and after a period of time, 46.7 g of iron oxide (rust) is collected.
Stoichiometry: Limiting reagents
3. Consider the chemical reaction described below:
Ca3(PO4)2 (s)    +    C (s)    +    SiO2 (s)    →    CaSiO3 (s)    +    CO (g)    +    P (l)Ca_3\left(PO_4\right)_2\ \left(s\right)\ \ \ \ +\ \ \ \ C\ \left(s\right)\ \ \ \ +\ \ \ \ SiO_2\ \left(s\right)\ \ \ \ \rightarrow\ \ \ \ CaSiO_3\ \left(s\right)\ \ \ \ +\ \ \ \ CO\ \left(g\right)\ \ \ \ +\ \ \ \ P\ \left(l\right)
a) What is the limiting reagent for this reaction if an initial reaction mixture contains 1325 kg of calcium phosphate, 300 kg of carbon and 890 kg of silicon dioxide.
Chemical Reactions: Limiting Reagent & Percent Yield Practice
Iron oxidizes when exposed to oxygen to form iron oxide according to the following equation:
Fe + O2 ​→Fe2​O3​
352g of pure iron is exposed to 12.0 mols of O2, and after a period of time 46.7 g of iron oxide (rust) is collected.
Stoichiometry: Limiting reagents
Ammonia, NH3, and borane, BH3, react to form a Lewis adduct, ammonia borane as shown below.
NH3(sol)+BH3(sol)→NH3BH3(s)NH_{3(sol)} + BH_{3(sol)} \rightarrow NH_3BH_{3(s)}
If 24 mL of a 0.74 M solution of ammonia is mixed with 12 mL of a 1.8 M solution of borane what is the maximum mass of ammonia borane that can be produced?
Stoichiometry: Limiting Reagents
When we are solving a stoichiometry problem and are given a balanced reaction, the limiting reagent is the reagent that...
(There are 2 correct answers)
Stoichiometry: Limiting reagents
17g of P4 reacts with 64g of oxygen, O2 as described below in the UNBALANCED reaction. What is the maximum amount of P4O6 that can be formed?
P4(s)+O2(g)→P4O6(s)P_{4(s)}+O_{2(g)}\rightarrow P_4O_{6(s)}
Chemical Reaction: Limiting Reagent
If 12 g of sodium is mixed with 0.64 g of H2 and 17 g of O2 which reagent will be limiting in the reaction shown below?
2 Na(s)+O2(g)+H2(g)→2 NaOH2\ Na_{(s)}+O_{2(g)}+H_{2(g)}\rightarrow 2\ NaOH
Chemical Reactions: Limiting Reagents
Ammonia reacts with diatomic oxygen to form nitric oxide and water vapor:
4NH3+5O2→4NO+6H2O\rm 4NH_3+5O_2\rightarrow4NO+6H_2O
When 20.0 g NH3\rm NH_3 and 50.0 g O2\rm O_2 are allowed to react, which is the limiting reagent?
Chemical Reactions: Limiting Reagents
Magnesium metal reacts with HCl\text{HCl} to produce magnesium chloride (MgCl2\text{MgCl}_ 2 ) and hydrogen gas (H2\text{H}_2 ). If 0.568 g of magnesium are reacted with 75.0 mL of a 0.450 M solution of HCl\text{HCl}, how much magnesium metal will remain after the reaction is complete?
Chemical Reactions: Limiting Reagent & Percent Yield Practice
Iron oxidizes when exposed to oxygen to form iron oxide according to the following equation:
Fe + O2 ​→Fe2​O3​
352g of pure iron is exposed to 12.0 mols of O2, and after a period of time 46.7 g of iron oxide (rust) is collected.
Chemical reactions: Limiting Reagent
Sodium metal reacts with water to give sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas as per the following unbalanced equation:
Na(s)+H2O(l)→NaOH(aq)+H2(g)Na(s)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow NaOH(aq)+H_2(g)
If 1.00 g of sodium were reacted with 0.786 g of water which species would be the limiting reagent?