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Which species concept can be applied to all organisms/populations?

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Wize University Biology Textbook > Phylogenetic Trees

Phylogenetic Trees

5 Activities

Wize University Biology Textbook > Speciation

Origin of Species

4 Activities

Which species concept can be applied to all organisms/populations?
More Phylogenetic Trees Questions:
Practice: Using Trait Tables to Build Phylogenetic Trees
Which of the following phylogenies best represents the below trait table:
Match the following terms with their definitions
The human arm, bat wing and dolphin flipper contain similar bones that developed through similar embryonic tissues. How would you interpret these similarities? select all that apply
Using the following sample data matrix. Draw the phylogeny with maximum parsimony.
Are the wings of birds and flies homologous or analogous traits?
Applying the principle of parsimony, the ability to fly is most likely to have went according to which tree?
In the following diagrams which taxon represents a monophyletic group?
Match the following terms with their definitions
Taxa Group that includes common ancestor with
some, but not all, its descendants
Are the wings of birds and flies homologous or analogous traits?
Applying the principle of parsimony, the ability to fly is most likely to have went according to which tree?
In a given clade, which of the following is true?
Phylogenetic trees are:
In the following diagrams which taxon represents a monophyletic group?
1. Which algae group did the land plants evolve from?
2. What is the name of the monophyletic group that contains this taxa of algae and all the land plants?
3. What chlorophyll is unique do this monophyletic group?
The common ancestor of which clade evolved the derived trait?
The unique types of junctions found in animal cells are good evidence that the animal kingdom is monophyletic.
Name the junction type and answer the questions below.
Practice: Phylogenetics 2
The tree above is one possible phylogeny of the Homo clade. Use this diagram to answer the following questions
1. What does Australopithecus africanus do for this tree?
2. What is happening on the tree where the blue circle is located?
Practice: Mosquitoes
Species ranges:
Anopheles americana: South and Central America and all Caribbean islands
Anopheles equatori: Columbia, Venezuela and Equador.
Practice: Tree relationships
Consider the following tree
Label the follow statements True or False
A. Species B is more closely related to Species D and E than Species F and G
Which of the following would represent a postzygotic barrier to gene flow?
You are studying speciation in crickets. You find that males and females from different populations will mate, but few eggs get fertilized. This is an example of what type of reproductive isolating barrier:
The human arm, bat wing and dolphin flipper contain similar bones that developed through similar embryonic tissues. How would you interpret these similarities?
Which of the following statements is false?
All the following sources of data are used for constructing phylogenetic trees except:
What characteristics are useful when constructing a phylogenetic tree
Phylogeny
Phylogenetic trees are:
Trees
Which of the following trees has a monophyletic group circle on it?
True or false: Protists are a clade.
Which of the following statements is false regarding the groupings in cladistics analysis?
You want to build a phylogeny that includes humans, E. coli, and a plant species known as Arabidopsis. Which of the following proteins coding genes would you use to help you form this phylogeny?
Evolutionary Theory
Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding evolutionary theory?
1. The shared amino acid code for methionine, AUG, is an example of molecular homology
2. Speciation occurs as the result of a large extinction event occurring rapidly
From Term Test 2 Prep: Which of the following is an example of a homology?
i. All life on Earth using DNA as its genetic storage system
ii. Human tail bones
The first few days of vertebrate development are nearly identical in cell division events and differentiation fates. This is evidence for evolution. Which of the following does this signify?
Three species X, Y and Z share a common ancestor, T. extinct spcies U and V also share T
as a common ancestor. A grouping that includes species T, X Y and Z makes up a…
The first few days of vertebrate development are nearly identical in cell division events
and differentiation fates. This is evidence for evolution. Which of the following does this
signify?
Which of the following statements about the below phylogeny is not correct?
Based on the below phylogeny, which of the traits within the phylogeny would you classify as the following terms:
Which of the following phylogenies best represents the below trait table:
Which of the following statements best describes the parsimony principle?
Which of the following statements given the phylogeny are correct?
A phylogeny containing species C, D and E as well as their common ancestor would be classified as monophyletic
Trait #4 would be classified as an anapomorphy
Using the given table, select the most parsimonious phylogeny:
Which of these groups of organisms is monophyletic?
What is a paraphyletic group?
Concerning the phylogeny, which species is most distantly related to N?
In this phylogeny, of how many clades is species T a member?
Which of the following describes a scenario analogous to the endosymbiont theory?
Which of the following is best described by “a similarity beyond functional necessity”?
What is the best way to build a monophyletic clade?
Which species is most distantly related to “P”?
How many clades is species “P” a member of?
If two animals shared a similar trait, which of the following statements is most accurate?
Which of the following statements is false regarding the groupings in cladistics analysis?
What is the difference between phylogeny and systematics?
Which of the following are the least homologous structures?
What structure is analogous to the human vertebrae?
Practice: Phylogenetic Trees and Taxonomy
Consider the following phylogeny:
How many clades is species "S" a member of?
Phylogenetic trees are:
Which of the following statements is false?
The human arm, bat wing and dolphin flipper contain similar bones that developed through similar embryonic tissues. How would you interpret these similarities?
More Origin of Species Questions:
A group of individuals that are of the same species in the same area are termed a?
State whether the following isolating mechanisms are pre- or post-zygotic mechanisms. State whether the following isolating mechanisms are pre- or post-zygotic mechanisms.
a) Land snakes cannot fertilize water snake eggs
b) Ligers (tiger and lion hybrid) are sterile
Which of the following is an example of a prezygotic reproductive barrier?
Which of the following terms describes a group of organisms of a single species that live in the same space, same time and reproduce with one another?
Which of the following represents sympatric speciation?
Which of the following does not tend to promote speciation?
A certain community in rural Alberta was identified as being genetically unique at many loci from all neighbouring populations. Further assessment shows that this group is derived from a small group from “Chocoland” and that they do not outbreed. Which of the following likely explains their uniqueness?
The phenomena that creates diversifying selection of flower traits is called __________ shift.
This phenomena leads to speciation by establishing _____________ isolation.
Practice: Speciation
Consider a species of finch that is distributed along the east coast of Central America. In the following scenarios state what type of speciation is occurring.
Practice: Species Concepts
According to the species concepts, what is the definition of a "species" under each? Which definition is more practical in usage?
Under the biological species concept:
Why is the term species so complicated to define that multiple concepts exist?
Speciation
What type of selection promotes sympatric speciation?
Speciation
What is the one requirement for speciation to occur under any speciation mode?
Speciation
In which mode of speciation does speciation proceed despite opportunity for gene flow?
Two different groups of aliens from the same planet come visit Earth. They don’t have
evolutionary biologists on their planet so they are not sure if they are the same species
of different species. Biologists encourage them to mate and they find that the mating
Sympatric speciation can result from:
Match the following definitions with their terms corresponding to different types of pre-zygotic isolation
Which of the following are disadvantages to using the biological species concept?
Cannot be used to classify organisms with high sexual dimorphism
Cannot be used to classify organisms whose species ranges never overlap
Which of the following are examples of pre-zygotic isolation?
Two groups of field crickets do not mate because one emerges for mating at the start of the summer, and the other at the end of fall.
A bird’s mating display is only attractive to birds of a certain species.
Which of the following is not a pre-zygotic barrier to fertilization?
Which of the following is a pre-zygotic barrier?
Fill in the blanks: The scenario below is an example of _________ which caused _____________
Original population:
New species arises:
Which of the following represents sympatric speciation?