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Wize University Biology Textbook > Meiosis

Meiosis II

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Meiosis II

Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II, and cytokinesis are repeated to yield 4 daughter cells.
  • They are the same as in mitosis since no crossover occurs at this stage.
  • Unlike in mitosis, these daughter cells are haploid (only one chromosome of each kind or 23 chromosomes in total).
Photo by Ali Zifan / CC BY

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Summary - Mitosis vs. Meiosis


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Example: Graphing Ploidy & C-value Coefficients

The frog species Xenopus tropicalis has 10 chromosomes, where this species has 4 copies of its genome. Using the provided x and y-axes, graph the changes to the n and C-value coefficients.

Practice: Fertilized Zygote

Which of the following describes a newly fertilized human zygote?

Practice: End Prophase II

Which of the following describes a cell at the end of prophase II?

Practice: Mitosis vs Meiosis Metaphase

Which of the following is different between mitosis metaphase and meiosis metaphase II

Practice: Enhancing Genetic Diversity Methods

Which of the following is not a method for enhancing genetic diversity?
Extra Practice
At the end of meiosis the number of chromosome in daughter cells is ___ compared to the parent cell.
Meisois
At the end of meiosis II you get four daughter cells. These daughter cells are
haploid
Crossing over
Crossing over occurs in which phase of meiosis?
Complete the following table:
Which of the following is FALSE regarding meiosis prophase II? Choose all that apply
Which of the following describes a newly fertilized human zygote?
Meiosis practice problem 1
What are the genotypes of the possible daughter cells that would result from the double crossover shown below?
Practice: Meiosis (Telomeres)
A hedgehog has a diploid number of 48 chromosomes. How many telomeres would you find in a a hegdehog gamete at the beginning of telophase II?
Which of the following is different between mitosis metaphase and meiosis metaphase II
Which of the following describes a cell at the end of prophase II?
During what stage do homologous chromosomes separate?
Which of the following describes the differences between mitosis and meiosis?
1. Mitosis occurs in autosomal cells while meiosis in gamete cells
2. Mitosis involves undergoing cell division twice
Practice: Meiosis
Place the following stages of meiosis in order in which they occur.
Which of the following is present in meiosis, but not mitosis?
Capsella bursa-pastoria and Capsella grandiflora are two very closely related species. Flow cytometry analysis shows that somatic cells in G1 phase of C. bursa-pastoria cells contain a 0.80 pg of DNA, while C. grandiflora has 0.44 pg.
What does this suggest about the ploidy of these two species?
What would the C-value of these two species be?
Practice: Meiosis (Non-disjunction vs. Mis-division)
Julia has triple X syndrome, meaning she has three X chromosomes. On one X she has an SNP that she shares with her paternal grandmother, one has an SNP that she shares with her maternal grandfather. When did this aneuploidy happen to cause Julia to have this syndrome?
Meiosis I in the mother
Meiosis I in the father
What are the major sources of genetic variation resulting from sexual reproduction?
i. Recombination during prophase I
ii. Recombination during prophase II
Two-toed sloths have a chromosome number 2n=50. How many chromatids would be found at the start of prophase II, and immediately at the end of meiosis II?
If you overheard someone in your biology class say that “plants are haploid and make gametes by mitosis, while animals are diploid and make gametes by meiosis”, would you agree or disagree with this statement, and why?
Which of the following characteristics are the same in both meiosis II and mitosis?
Imagine an alien from a distant planet that has 70 pairs of chromosomes. This alien has a mother with a serious mutation on chromosome 67. This alien, however, does not carry this deleterious allele on chromosome 67. Which of the following best describes how this chromosome was able to “repair itself”?
Anna has an extra chromosome 12. Of her three chromosome 12’s she shares an SNP
that is found on one of her mother’s chromosome 12’s. If Anna’s aneuploidy is due to a
single mistake in meiosis, which of the following steps of meiosis did the mistake occur?
What are the major sources of genetic variation resulting from sexual reproduction?
i. Recombination during prophase I
ii. Recombination during prophase II
Two-toed sloths have a chromosome number 2n=50. How many chromatids would be
found at the start of prophase II, and immediately at the end of meiosis II?
If you overheard someone in your biology class say that “plants are haploid and make
gametes by mitosis, while animals are diploid and make gametes by meiosis”, would you
agree or disagree with this statement, and why?
An alien from a distant planet has 70 pairs of chromosomes. How many individual
chromatids would a single cell undergoing meiosis have at metaphase II?
Which of the following characteristics are the same in both meiosis II and mitosis?
Individuals with Down’s syndrome have a trisomy of chromosome 21 that arose from a single error in meiosis. Imagine a child, Bella, who has parents with normal karyotypes. Only 1 of Bella’s chromosomes carries the same SNP as is found in her father. Which of the follow stages of meiosis could this error have occurred?
Meiosis I in the mother
Meiosis I in the father
Practice: Meiosis (n and C-values)
The frog species Xenopus tropicalis has 10 chromosomes and this species is viable with 4 copies of its genome. An individual with four copies of its genome would have what ploidy and what C-value coefficents at anaphase II of meiosis?
What are the two phases of meiosis that are the source of most of the variation in the four resulting daughter cells?
Which of the following is false regarding meiosis prophase II?
Which of the following is different between mitosis metaphase and meiosis metaphase II
Which of the following describes a cell at the end of prophase II?
What is the difference between mitosis metaphase and meiosis metaphase II?
Practice: Meiosis II
A haploid set of duplicated chromosomes is pulled apart by microtubules into individual sister chromatids. What process is most likely occurring?
An alien from a distant planet has 70 pairs of chromosomes. How many individual
chromatids would a single cell undergoing meiosis have at metaphase II?
Which of the following is present in meiosis, but not mitosis?