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If you were to look at a dividing somatic cell in prometaphase under a microsco…

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Wize University Biology Textbook > Cell Structure

The Cytoskeleton

7 Activities

Wize University Biology Textbook > The Cell Cycle

Mitotic Phase of Cell Cycle

7 Activities

Wize University Biology Textbook > The Cell Cycle

The Cell Cycle

2 Activities

If you were to look at a dividing somatic cell in prometaphase under a microscope, what structures could you see clearly given that you would be able to see all structures of the cell without an appropriate stain?

i. Condensed chrosmosomes

ii. A single centrosome

iii. Microtubules attaching to kinetochores

iv. Motor proteins pulling chromosomes towards the middle of the cell

v. Absence of a nuclear membrane

More The Cytoskeleton Questions:
Practice: Support Fibers
What part of the cytoskeleton consists of tough, durable fibers involved in support only?
Practice: Muscle Contraction
Which of the following cytoskeletal structures is responsible for muscle contractions?
Practice: Tubulin Dimers
Alpha tubulin and beta tubulin dimers make up which of the following?
If you were to stain proteins in a dividing cell to determine which stage it is in, which of the following protein would you design a fluorescent tag for to visualize a cell in telophase?
If you were to stain proteins in a dividing cell to determine which stage it is in, which of the following protein would you design a fluorescent tag for to visualize a cell in telophase?
Mitosis
Colchicine is a chemotherapeutic drug that is used to inhibit the polymerization of tubulin dimers. Which of the following steps of the cell cycle would be most affected by colchicine treatment?
Practice: Support Fibers
What part of the cytoskeleton consists of tough, durable fibers involved in support only?
Practice: Muscle Contraction
Which of the following cytoskeletal structures is responsible for muscle contractions?
Practice: Tubulin Dimers
Alpha tubulin and beta tubulin dimers make up which of the following?
Malformation of what part of the cytoskeleton will result in deformed structure of the cell?
Explain what is happening in this graph with regards to microtubules and their dynamic instability. The x-axis is time and the y-axis is microtubule length.
Which of the following is NOT true about tubulin heterodimers that form microtubules?
The following is true about actin:
Cytoskeleton
Alpha tubulin and beta tubulin dimers make up which of the following?
Practice: Intermediate Filaments
Explain 2 or 3 characteristics about intermediate filaments
Dynein and kinesin walk along what type of cytoskeleton component?
Where are centrioles located?
A human cell has received a mutation and is unable to produce actin. What would be the result after mitosis?
Practice: Cytoskeleton Review
Complete the following table:
A cell that overexpresses XMAP215 is expected to:
A. have inhibited microtubule formation
B. have increased microtubule formation
Epithelial cells treated with phalloidin would have the following characteristic(s):
A. Impaired tight junction formation
B. Impaired cellular elasticity
Practice: Mitosis 2
What structure is considered the "microtubule organizing centre"?

Which of the following cytoskeletal structure is responsible for muscle contractions?
Practice: Cytoskeleton
What structure is shown in green in the following images?
A.
B.
Practice: Cytoskeleton
What structures are shown in green and red? How did you deduce this?
Which of the following would you make a fluorescent tag for if you wanted to take a fluorescent image of the contractile ring during cytokinesis?
Which of the following would you make a fluorescent tag for if you wanted to take a
fluorescent image of the contractile ring during cytokinesis?
From Term Test 1 Prep: If you were to stain proteins in a dividing cell to determine which stage it is in, which of the following protein would you design a fluorescent tag for to visualize a cell in telophase?
Mitosis
Colchicine is a chemotherapeutic drug that is used to inhibit the polymerization of tubulin dimers. Which of the following steps of the cell cycle would be most affected by colchicine treatment?
Mitosis
Researchers often want to visualize what stage of the cell cycle their cells are in. Which of the following proteins could a researcher stain in order to identify cells in metaphase?
1. Actin
2. Tubulin
Which of the following cytoskeletal element is associated with myosins?
Dynein and kinesin walk along what type of cytoskeleton component?
What part of the cytoskeleton consists of tough, durable fibres involved in support only?
Which of the following is not a component of the cytoskeleton?
Which of the following would be closest associated to polymerized actin molecules
(microfilaments)?
Which of the following element of the cytoskeleton is associated with nuclear lamina in
the nucleus?
Which of the following is a non-membranous structure?
What part of the cytoskeleton is involved in cell motility (cilia, flagella etc.)?
What is a hollow component of the cytoskeleton?
Which of the following consists of polymerized actin molecules involved in cell crawling?
What part of the cytoskeleton is involved in the internal structures of cilia/flagella?
Which of the following structures is correctly correlated to its function?
If you removed a cells’ centrioles with an incredibly fine needle during mitosis, what stage would be affected?
Where are centrioles located?
Practice: Mitosis 2
What structure is considered the "microtubule organizing centre"?
Write a point form essay outline for the following prompt:
Discuss the roles of cytoskeletal filaments in progression through the cell cycle.
Thesis statement:
What is dynamic instability, and how does it relate to the function of microtubules? Describe an experimental technique that can be used to demonstrate that microtubules have dynamic instability.
If present in a high enough concentration, purified tubulin (or actin) spontaneously polymerizes to form microtubules (or actin microfilaments), as seen in the graph below.
a.What does the slope of the graph indicate?
b. Explain what is happening at times A, B, and C.
Why do you think intermediate filaments don’t have motor proteins?
“Rigor mortis” is a term that describes stiffening of the body following death. With your knowledge of actin-myosin interactions and muscle contraction, explain the molecular basis of rigor mortis.
Write a point form essay outline for the following prompt:
Discuss the importance of structural polarity in cytoskeletal components.
Thesis statement:
Wize Concept Check
What is treadmilling, and how does it relate to the function of actin microfilaments?
More Mitotic Phase of Cell Cycle Questions:
If you were to stain proteins in a dividing cell to determine which stage it is in, which of the following protein would you design a fluorescent tag for to visualize a cell in telophase?
A mouse has 20 pairs of chromosomes. How many individual sister chromatids would a mouse cell have at metaphase?
If you were to stain proteins in a dividing cell to determine which stage it is in, which of the following protein would you design a fluorescent tag for to visualize a cell in telophase?
A mouse has 20 pairs of chromosomes. How many individual sister chromatids would a mouse cell have at metaphase?
Mitosis
Colchicine is a chemotherapeutic drug that is used to inhibit the polymerization of tubulin dimers. Which of the following steps of the cell cycle would be most affected by colchicine treatment?
Which of the following is present in meiosis, but not mitosis?
Complete the following table:
Genome
A diploid cell that is 2n = 4 receives a2, b2, and c2 alleles from one parent, and a1, b2, and c2 alleles from the other parent. Alleles a and b are on the same chromosome, while allele c is on another one.
Draw the resulting cell after DNA replication.
Genome
A cell has a genotype a1/a2, c3/c3. Draw the cell before and after DNA replication.
In animal cells, during which phase do centrioles begin to move apart?
Dogs are 2n=782n=78. A somatic dog cell undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes are there during metaphase and anaphase, respectively?
In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes dencondense?
In which phase of mitosis does the mitotic spindle get broken down?
In which phase do chromosomes become fully condensed?
Complete the following table:
You observe 16 centromeres in a cell under a microscope during interphase, how many chromosomes does the organism have?
During mitosis, all of the following occur except:
A cell that has 4 pairs of chromatids in prophase will have how many chromatids during telophase?
A cell that contains 8 chromosomes at G1 will have how many chromosomes at anaphase?
A cell that contains 24 sister chromatids in prophase would contain how many chromosomes at interphase of the next cell cycle?
Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is true?
Dogs are 2n=782n=78. A somatic dog cell undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes are there during metaphase and anaphase, respectively?
A human cell has received a mutation and is unable to produce actin. What would be the result after mitosis?
If a cell contained 4 chromosomes during prophase, how many chromosomes and chromatids would it have during prometaphase?
Cell cycle practice problem 3
Complete the following table for a cell that has the genetic formula 2n = 22
Cell cycle practice problem 2
A cell is 2n=82n=8and has the genotype a2/a2, b1/b2, c1/c2, d2/d2. Draw the cell:
a) in "G1 phase"
b) At "metaphase"
Cell cycle practice problem 1
A scientist grows some cells in a medium containing radioactive nucleotides, so all of the DNA within the cells are radioactive. She then transfers the cells to a medium containing normal nucleotides, and allows them to divide. If a cell undergoes one round of mitosis, what percentage of the daughter cells' DNA will be radioactive?
What is the genetic formula for the diploid cell shown below?
Cats have 19 chromosomes and are diploid. How many strands of DNA are there in a non-dividing cat skin cell?
Genome practice problem 1
A cell has the genetic formula n=8n=8. Draw how the cell would look after DNA replication.
Which of the following is different between mitosis metaphase and meiosis metaphase II
Which of the following definitions is incorrect?
Which of the following is not a method for enhancing genetic diversity?
A human cell received a mutation and is unable to produce actin. What would be the result after mitosis?
If a cell contained 4 chromosomes during prophase, how many chromosomes and chromatids would it have during prometaphase?
Which step of mitosis do sister chromatids get separated?
How can FACs be used to quantify the amount of cells in different phases of the cell cycle?
Which of the following describes the differences between mitosis and meiosis?
1. Mitosis occurs in autosomal cells while meiosis in gamete cells
2. Mitosis involves undergoing cell division twice
Anaphase A and B differ in the following way(s). Select all that apply.
Which of the following statements are CORRECT?
1. Mitotic events can be observed with a light microscope
2. Sister chromatids are generated during prophase
Practice: Mitosis
Use the following image of diving onion root cells to answer the following 4 questions:
Practice: Mitosis
Complete the following table based on a cell that is 2n=12
In which of the following groups would you find meiosis?
1. Humans
2. Photosynthetic cyanobacteria
Which of the following is present in meiosis, but not mitosis?
Practice: Cell Cycle 2
A cell is 2n=82n=8and has the genotype a2/a2, b1/b2, c1/c2, d2/d2. Draw the cell:
a) in "G1 phase"
b) At "metaphase"
Cell cycle
In order, what are the phases of the Mitotic (M) phase of the cell cycle?
Telomeres
A human cell as 23 pairs of chromosomes. What is the total number of telomeres found at prophase of mitosis?
If you overheard someone in your biology class say that “plants are haploid and make gametes by mitosis, while animals are diploid and make gametes by meiosis”, would you agree or disagree with this statement, and why?
Which of the following characteristics are the same in both meiosis II and mitosis?
Which of the following is correct regarding the movement of chromosomes during anaphase?
A flowering plant has 20 pairs of chromosomes. How many telomeres would a gametophyte somatic cell have at prophase of mitosis?
From Term Test 2 Prep: An animal cell is 3n and 6C at prophase. What are the n and C-values of this cell in G1?
From Term Test 2 Prep: A mouse has 20 pairs of chromosomes. How many individual telomeres would a mouse cell have at metaphase?
From Term Test 1 Prep: If you were to stain proteins in a dividing cell to determine which stage it is in, which of the following protein would you design a fluorescent tag for to visualize a cell in telophase?
From Term Test 1 Prep: A mouse has 20 pairs of chromosomes. How many individual sister chromatids would a mouse cell have at metaphase?
Mitosis
Colchicine is a chemotherapeutic drug that is used to inhibit the polymerization of tubulin dimers. Which of the following steps of the cell cycle would be most affected by colchicine treatment?
Mitosis
Researchers often want to visualize what stage of the cell cycle their cells are in. Which of the following proteins could a researcher stain in order to identify cells in metaphase?
1. Actin
2. Tubulin
Chromosome Multiple Choice Question
Which of the following is not true regarding the centromere in metaphase chromosomes?
A cell that contains 24 sister chromatids in prophase would contain how many chromosomes at G1 of the next cell cycle?
A cell that contains 8 chromosomes at G1 will have how many chromosomes after anaphase?
Which of the following statements are CORRECT?
1. Mitotic events can be observed with a light microscope
2. Sister chromatids are generated during prophase
The stage of the cell cycle where one cell splits into two is called _______
How do the daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare with their parent cell when it was in the G2 stage of the cell cycle?
You are able to observe 16 centromeres in a cell under a powerful microscope during prometaphase – how many sister chromatids does the organism have?
During the entirety of what cell cycle stage(s) can individual chromosomes be observed under a light microscope?
You are studying the cell cycle and observe a cell in the lab with two nuclei, which of the following is a likely explanation?
If you removed a cells’ centrioles with an incredibly fine needle during mitosis, what stage would be affected?
During mitosis, all of the following occur except:
Which of the following is different between mitosis metaphase and meiosis metaphase II
Which of the following is present in meiosis, but not mitosis?
At what phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope first fragment?
Which of the following is true of cytokinesis in animals?
If a cell contained 4 chromosomes during prophase, how many chromosomes and chromatids would it have during prometaphase?
What is the difference between mitosis metaphase and meiosis metaphase II?
Practice: Mitosis 1
A cell has 10 chromosomes in G1 phase. After prometaphase, how many duplicated chromosomes are present?
Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is true?
Practice: Cell Cycle 2
A cell is 2n=82n=8and has the genotype a2/a2, b1/b2, c1/c2, d2/d2. Draw the cell:
a) in "G1 phase"
b) At "metaphase"
Which of the following is present in meiosis, but not mitosis?
A centromere joins a pair of
Is the process of mitosis the same in plant and animal cells?
Which of the following would you make a fluorescent tag for if you wanted to take a fluorescent image of the contractile ring during cytokinesis?
You tag guanines with fluorescent tags and add them to the cell during S phase of the cell cycle. When you look at these chromosomes at metaphase of mitosis using a fluorescent microscope, where on the sister chromosomes would you find fluorescent signal?
If you overheard someone in your biology class say that “plants are haploid and make
gametes by mitosis, while animals are diploid and make gametes by meiosis”, would you
agree or disagree with this statement, and why?
Which of the following characteristics are the same in both meiosis II and mitosis?
Is the process of mitosis the same in plant and animal cells?
Which of the following would you make a fluorescent tag for if you wanted to take a
fluorescent image of the contractile ring during cytokinesis?
If you were to look at a dividing somatic cell in prometaphase under a microscope, what
structures could you see clearly given that you would be able to see all structures of the
cell without an appropriate stain?
You tag guanines with a fluorescent tag and add it to the cell during S phase of the cell cycle. When you look at these chromosomes at metaphase of mitosis using a fluorescent microscope, where on the sister chromosomes would find fluorescent signal?
More The Cell Cycle Questions:
Complete the following table:
In which of the following phases is DNA replicated?
For G1 phase, the checkpoint requires that
For G2 phase, the checkpoint requires that
Phase
DNA is replicated during _______ phase
Cells prepare for division in the ___ phase
In which phase do chromosomes become fully condensed?
What are the two major phases of the cell cycle?
Which of the following can be found in diploid cells in G1 phase?
Cats are 2n=382n=38. A somatic cat cell stuck in G2 phase would have how many chromatids?
DNA replication in S phase can be observed using nucleotides that have been tagged with a radioactive or fluorescent label. Why would you need to be careful when choosing which nucleotide to label?
Practice: Cell Cycle
Draw a somatic cell that is n=5 in G1 phase and G2 phase.
If a cell contained 4 chromosomes during prophase, how many chromosomes and chromatids would it have during prometaphase?
How can FACs be used to quantify the amount of cells in different phases of the cell cycle?
A fluorescent dye that binds to DNA is added to a population of proliferating cells. The amount of fluorescence is directly proportional to the amount of DNA found in each cell. The following graph is generated:
Indicate on the graph where cells in each phase of the cell cycle (G1,S,G2,M)(G_1,S,G_2,M) are represented
Which of the following statements are CORRECT?
1. Mitotic events can be observed with a light microscope
2. Sister chromatids are generated during prophase
Practice: Mitosis
Complete the following table based on a cell that is 2n=12
Practice: Cell Cycle 2
A cell is 2n=82n=8and has the genotype a2/a2, b1/b2, c1/c2, d2/d2. Draw the cell:
a) in "G1 phase"
b) At "metaphase"
Practice: Genome 2
A diploid cell that is 2n = 4 receives a2, b2, and c2 alleles from one parent, and a1, b2, and c2 alleles from the other parent. Alleles a and b are on the same chromosome, while allele c is on another one. Draw the resulting cell after DNA replication (after S phase).
Practice: Genome 1
A haploid cell has the genetic formula n=8n=8. Draw how the cell would look after DNA replication (after S phase).
C-values
A somatic cell in G2 of the cell cycle has a c-value of 20pg.
What is the content in pg of the same cell in G1 phase of the cell cycle?
What is the c-value in pg of the species that this cell came from?
Capsella bursa-pastoria and Capsella grandiflora are two very closely related species. Flow cytometry analysis shows that somatic cells in G1 phase of C. bursa-pastoria cells contain a 0.80 pg of DNA, while C. grandiflora has 0.44 pg.
What does this suggest about the ploidy of these two species?
What would the C-value of these two species be?
Cell cycle
In order, what are the phases of the Mitotic (M) phase of the cell cycle?
Cell cycle
In order, what are the phases of of interphase?
Genes & Alleles
Consider a wheat variety with a karyotype n=5 and 4n= 20.
What ploidy is this wheat variety?
How many different alleles of a gene can you find in an individual of this wheat?
A cell that contains 24 sister chromatids in prophase would contain how many chromosomes at G1 of the next cell cycle?
A cell that contains 8 chromosomes at G1 will have how many chromosomes after anaphase?
When does DNA duplication occur?
Which of the following statements are CORRECT?
1. Mitotic events can be observed with a light microscope
2. Sister chromatids are generated during prophase
How do the daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare with their parent cell when it was in the G2 stage of the cell cycle?
Which of the following can be found in diploid cells in G1 phase?
A human gamete stuck in G1 phase would have how many chromosomes?
The role of the G1 checkpoint is:
At what phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope first fragment?
A human somatic cell stuck in G2 phase would have how many pairs of sister chromatids?
A fluorescent dye that binds to DNA is added to a population of proliferating cells. The amount of fluorescence is directly proportional to the amount of DNA found in each cell. The following graph is generated:
Indicate on the graph where cells in each phase of the cell cycle (G1,S,G2,M)(G_1,S,G_2,M) are represented
A centromere joins a pair of
Practice Problem 4
Describe the forms that chromatin can take in the interphase nucleus.