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Which of the following is a non-membranous structure?

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Wize University Biology Textbook > Cell Structure

Motor Proteins: Cilia and Flagella

4 Activities

Wize University Biology Textbook > Cell Structure

The Cytoskeleton

7 Activities

Wize University Biology Textbook > Cell Structure

The Endomembrane System

9 Activities

Which of the following is a non-membranous structure?
More Motor Proteins: Cilia and Flagella Questions:
Which of the following consists of polymerized actin molecules involved in cell crawling?
What type of proteins make up flagella and cilia?
Epithelial cells treated with phalloidin would have the following characteristic(s):
A. Impaired tight junction formation
B. Impaired cellular elasticity
Practice: Dyneins and Kinesins
Dyneins and kinesins are associated with which component of the cytoskeleton?
Dyneins and kinesins are associated with which component of the cytoskeleton?
More The Cytoskeleton Questions:
Practice: Support Fibers
What part of the cytoskeleton consists of tough, durable fibers involved in support only?
Practice: Muscle Contraction
Which of the following cytoskeletal structures is responsible for muscle contractions?
Practice: Tubulin Dimers
Alpha tubulin and beta tubulin dimers make up which of the following?
If you were to stain proteins in a dividing cell to determine which stage it is in, which of the following protein would you design a fluorescent tag for to visualize a cell in telophase?
If you were to stain proteins in a dividing cell to determine which stage it is in, which of the following protein would you design a fluorescent tag for to visualize a cell in telophase?
Mitosis
Colchicine is a chemotherapeutic drug that is used to inhibit the polymerization of tubulin dimers. Which of the following steps of the cell cycle would be most affected by colchicine treatment?
Practice: Support Fibers
What part of the cytoskeleton consists of tough, durable fibers involved in support only?
Practice: Muscle Contraction
Which of the following cytoskeletal structures is responsible for muscle contractions?
Practice: Tubulin Dimers
Alpha tubulin and beta tubulin dimers make up which of the following?
Malformation of what part of the cytoskeleton will result in deformed structure of the cell?
Explain what is happening in this graph with regards to microtubules and their dynamic instability. The x-axis is time and the y-axis is microtubule length.
Which of the following is NOT true about tubulin heterodimers that form microtubules?
The following is true about actin:
Cytoskeleton
Alpha tubulin and beta tubulin dimers make up which of the following?
Practice: Intermediate Filaments
Explain 2 or 3 characteristics about intermediate filaments
Dynein and kinesin walk along what type of cytoskeleton component?
Where are centrioles located?
A human cell has received a mutation and is unable to produce actin. What would be the result after mitosis?
Practice: Cytoskeleton Review
Complete the following table:
A cell that overexpresses XMAP215 is expected to:
A. have inhibited microtubule formation
B. have increased microtubule formation
Epithelial cells treated with phalloidin would have the following characteristic(s):
A. Impaired tight junction formation
B. Impaired cellular elasticity
Practice: Mitosis 2
What structure is considered the "microtubule organizing centre"?

Which of the following cytoskeletal structure is responsible for muscle contractions?
Practice: Cytoskeleton
What structure is shown in green in the following images?
A.
B.
Practice: Cytoskeleton
What structures are shown in green and red? How did you deduce this?
If you were to look at a dividing somatic cell in prometaphase under a microscope, what structures could you see clearly given that you would be able to see all structures of the cell without an appropriate stain?
i. Condensed chrosmosomes
ii. A single centrosome
Which of the following would you make a fluorescent tag for if you wanted to take a fluorescent image of the contractile ring during cytokinesis?
Which of the following would you make a fluorescent tag for if you wanted to take a
fluorescent image of the contractile ring during cytokinesis?
From Term Test 1 Prep: If you were to stain proteins in a dividing cell to determine which stage it is in, which of the following protein would you design a fluorescent tag for to visualize a cell in telophase?
Mitosis
Colchicine is a chemotherapeutic drug that is used to inhibit the polymerization of tubulin dimers. Which of the following steps of the cell cycle would be most affected by colchicine treatment?
Mitosis
Researchers often want to visualize what stage of the cell cycle their cells are in. Which of the following proteins could a researcher stain in order to identify cells in metaphase?
1. Actin
2. Tubulin
Which of the following cytoskeletal element is associated with myosins?
Dynein and kinesin walk along what type of cytoskeleton component?
What part of the cytoskeleton consists of tough, durable fibres involved in support only?
Which of the following is not a component of the cytoskeleton?
Which of the following would be closest associated to polymerized actin molecules
(microfilaments)?
Which of the following element of the cytoskeleton is associated with nuclear lamina in
the nucleus?
What part of the cytoskeleton is involved in cell motility (cilia, flagella etc.)?
What is a hollow component of the cytoskeleton?
Which of the following consists of polymerized actin molecules involved in cell crawling?
What part of the cytoskeleton is involved in the internal structures of cilia/flagella?
Which of the following structures is correctly correlated to its function?
If you removed a cells’ centrioles with an incredibly fine needle during mitosis, what stage would be affected?
Where are centrioles located?
Practice: Mitosis 2
What structure is considered the "microtubule organizing centre"?
Write a point form essay outline for the following prompt:
Discuss the roles of cytoskeletal filaments in progression through the cell cycle.
Thesis statement:
What is dynamic instability, and how does it relate to the function of microtubules? Describe an experimental technique that can be used to demonstrate that microtubules have dynamic instability.
If present in a high enough concentration, purified tubulin (or actin) spontaneously polymerizes to form microtubules (or actin microfilaments), as seen in the graph below.
a.What does the slope of the graph indicate?
b. Explain what is happening at times A, B, and C.
Why do you think intermediate filaments don’t have motor proteins?
“Rigor mortis” is a term that describes stiffening of the body following death. With your knowledge of actin-myosin interactions and muscle contraction, explain the molecular basis of rigor mortis.
Write a point form essay outline for the following prompt:
Discuss the importance of structural polarity in cytoskeletal components.
Thesis statement:
Wize Concept Check
What is treadmilling, and how does it relate to the function of actin microfilaments?
More The Endomembrane System Questions:
Ribosome in nucleus
Where in the nucleus are ribosomes assembled? [answer is one word]
Your friend is trying to convince you that the ER was one a prokaryotic cell and was engulfed by a eukaryotic cell. He says they had a symbiotic relationship that allowed then to continue living on together. What evidence could you present to him that would disprove his theory?
How do water-soluble molecules move into the ER lumen?
What would happen if the a ribosome attached to the ER membrane created a transmembrane protein with a deformed STA hydrophobic region? Assume that the deformation involves the addition of some hydrophilic amino acids.
The inner membrane of the mitochondria is filled with cristae (folded parts). How would this aid in increasing ATP production? Explain the structure-function relationship of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Which of the following things does not describe the cytoplasm
Similar to Midterm 1 2018
Explain how you could change the rate of fusion to make the mitochondria in a cell larger. Name 2 things you could do to make this happen.
Smooth ER
Which of the following best describes the smooth ER?
Hydrolytic enzymes
Where could you expect to find hydrolytic enzymes?
Practice: Cell Theory
Which of the following is a premise of cell theory?
Golgi
Which of the following is a function of the golgi apparatus?
Ribosome in nucleus
Where in the nucleus are ribosomes assembled? [answer is one word]
A desmosome connects cells of one type of tissue together by...
All cells store their DNA in the nucleus and/or additionally in the mitochondria/chloroplast. T or F
The ribosome is made up of
Practice: Endomembrane 2
Predict what coat protein is lining the vesicles moving between these organelles?
1. Between B to C
2. Between C to B
If cadherin is a type I transmembrane protein, it's structure does NOT include:
If acetyltransferase is an ER-bound membrane protein where its N-terminus catalytic domain works in the ER lumen, what type of membrane protein is it?
Which of the following does not use clathrin coated vesicles?
Which of the following is most likely to occur if a glycosylation enzyme in the ER was mutated?
Which of the following statements about co-translation translocation into the ER is true?
1. Ribosomes are permanently bound to the ER surface
2. ER signal sequence is recognized by the SRP (signal recognition particle)
Which of the following experimental findings support the idea that secreted proteins are synthesized in the ER?
Signal peptide sequences exist in cargo protein to ensure that they are direct to the correct location along the endomembrane system. Which of the following statements correctly describes signal peptide sequences?
1. KDEL is the Golgi retention signal peptide sequence
2. Peptide sequences are recognized by the correct coat proteins
How many start ER signal sequences would you expect to find in the following transmembrane protein?
Considering the following ER transmembrane proteins, which of the following proteins would have their C-terminus inside the ER lumen? Select all that apply.
Use the following to answer this 3-part question:
Consider the 6 different ER membrane protein orientation to answer this 2 part question:
3 domains
Which of the following is a membrane-bound organelle? (select all that apply)
Where along the endomembrane system would you find COPI coat protein?
Practice: Endomembrane 1
Name the structures indicated on the figure below:
Where in the Chlamydomonas cell would you find mRNA with a 5’ CAP?
What is the role of the nucleolus?
In which of the following organelles is addition and modification of oligosaccharides to glycoproteins completed?
What is the function of nuclear pore complexes?
Which of the following describes exocytosis?
Turgor pressure is most closely linked to which of the following?
How are lysosomes maintained at such a low pH?
How do vesicles move about the cell?
Which of the following is not a function of the Golgi?
In what structure is glycosylation typically initiated?
Which of the following is not a function of the smooth ER?
What is the perinuclear space?
Fill in the blanks: Lysosomes are maintained at __________ pH through the action of
____________
What is the cis Golgi network (CGN) is thought of as?
Which of the following is not a function of the Golgi apparatus?
What is the function of nuclear pore complexes?
Where is the internal leaflet of an ER vesicle oriented after fusing with the Golgi?
Which of the following is false regarding lysosomes?
A peripheral membrane protein that was synthesized in the rough ER lumen would be facing which direction in a vesicle after Golgi sorting?
What is the Golgi generally responsible for?
The trans Golgi is considered ...
Where does protein modification typically start?
Which of the following is not included in the endomembrane system?
Where is the site of ribosomes biogenesis?
Put the following in order of size from LARGEST to SMALLEST:
Virus, nucleus, bacteria, eukaryotic cell, ribosome
Which of the following is not a function of the Golgi apparatus?
Which of the following is false regarding ribosomes?
Which of the following are part of the endomembrane system?
Botulinum toxin is a protein which contains a heavy chain and a light chain. The heavy chain guides the toxin to neurons, where the light chain is released into the cytoplasm. The light chain is a protein-degrading enzyme (protease) that targets SNARE proteins. Some people like to inject this toxin in order to relax their facial muscles ¯\_(ツ)_/¯. Explain how botulinum toxin might inhibit muscle contractions.
You are interested in studying a secretory protein (protein X). Propose an experiment that would allow you to determine whether it is secreted via constitutive exocytosis or regulated exocytosis.
Write a point form essay outline for the following prompt:
Trace the pathway by which a hydrolytic enzyme localizes to the lysosome. Explain where the
enzyme is synthesized, which endomembrane compartments it must go through, and how it is
Wize Concept Check
Endosomes are responsible for sorting endocytosed macromolecules. What are the possible outcomes for molecules sent to an endosome? For each possible outcome, give an example of a molecule that might be processed in that way.
Wize Concept Check
Glycosylation of proteins in the secretory pathway takes place over several steps, mediated by enzymes that are located in the ER and in different Golgi cisternae. Why do you think that these enzymes are separated into different compartments of the endomembrane system?
Wize Concept Check
Once a vesicle has budded from a membrane, it sheds its coat proteins (clathrin/COP proteins). What proteins remain on the vesicle surface? How does the vesicle recognize its target membrane?
Wize Concept Check
Explain the role of each of the following components in the formation of a clathrin-coated
vesicle:
a. Cargo receptor: